Carex. | CYPERACEA. 831 
base ; remainder all female, but often with male flowers below, 
rarely at the top, shortly peduncled and erect, or the lower on 
longer peduncles and nodding; bracts long, leafy. Glumes broadly 
ovate, deeply bifid or almost entire, membranous, dark chestnut- 
brown with paler margins; midrib stout, produced into a short or ~ 
rather long stout hispid awn. Utricles about equalling the glumes, 
ovoid, turgid, biconvex, obscurely nerved, pale- or dark-brown, 
sometimes almost black; margins often serrate above; beak short, 
with 2 stout often widely divergent teeth. Styles 3. Nut ovoid, 
trigonous. — Handb. N.Z. Fil. 316; Boott, Ill. Car. i. t. 176; 
Cheesem. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xvi. (1884) 487. C. longeacuminata, 
Col. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xxi. (1889) 104. C. polyneura, Col. l.c. 
C. australis, Boeck. Cyp. Berol. n. 298. 
Var. Lambertiana, Cheesem. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xvi. (1884) 437.— 
Stouter. Leaves broader, 4-4in. Spikelets longer and stouter, 1-2} in. long. 
Glumes more deeply bifid.—C. Lambertiana, Boott in Hook. f. Fl. Nov. 
Zel.i. 284; Ill. Car. i. t.177; Hook. f. Handb. N.Z. Fl. 317. 
Var. ochrosaccus, Cheesem.—OCulms usually overtopped by the leaves. 
Spikelets 4-9, pale, erect, short-stalked, lower often compound. Glumes with 
longer awns exceeding the utrioles. Utricles pale, rather narrower.—C. ochro- 
saccus, C. B. Clarke MS. in Herb. Kew. 
Var. monticola, Kukenthal, MS.—Smaller, 6-18in. high. Leaves nar- 
rower. Spikelets 3-5, small, +4in. long, sessile or very shortly peduncled. 
NortH anD SoutH Isuanps, Stewart Istanp: The typical form and 
var. Lambertiana abundant throughout. Var. ochrosaccus: Whangarei, 
Carse! Kaipara, Kirk! vicinity of Auckland, 7. F.C. Var. monticola: Not 
uncommon in turfy swamps in the mountains of both Islands. Sea-level to 
3500 ft. October—January. 
A most abundant and variable species. It can be distinguished from its 
allies by the broad flat grassy leaves, usually solitary male spikelets, distant 
stout dark-coloured female spikelets, which are generally on short peduncles, 
broad often deeply bifid glumes with a hispid awn of varying length, and 
broadly ovoid turgid utricles, which are usually obscurely nerved. 
41. C. Solandri, Boott in Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i. 284. — 
Densely tufted. Culms tall, slender, trigonous, slightly scabrid 
above, leafy, 1-3ft. high, often elongating in fruit and becoming 
prostrate. Leaves long, narrow, keeled, #,-4in. broad; margins 
and keel sharply scabrid. Spikelets 5-10, distant, on long slender 
peduncles, long and narrow, #-2in. long by about +in. broad, 
dark-brown; terminal 1-4 male, slender, usually closely placed ; 
remainder all female, but generally with a few male flowers below, 
nodding, the 2 or 3 lowest often compound, on longer filiform 
peduncles; bracts long and leafy. Glumes broadly ovate, entire 
or bifid, membranous, dark or pale chestnut-brown ; midrib pro- 
duced into an awn of variable length. Utricles about equalling 
the glumes, ovoid, turgid, unequally biconvex or obscurely trigonous, 
dark red-brown or purplish-black, rarely pale-brown, narrowed into 
a short sharply bidentate beak ; margins smooth or serrate above. 
