834 CYPERACEZ. [Carex. 
46. C. pumila, Thunb. Fl. Jap. 39.—Rhizome long, creeping, 
often many feet in length. Culms short, stout, 4-Sin. high, leafy 
throughout. Leaves much longer than the culms, ;,-4in. broad, 
rigid, keeled, grooved, glaucous-green, recurved above, tapering into 
long subulate points. Spikelets 3-6, approximate; terminal one 
male, slender, 3-lin. long, often with one or two much smaller 
ones near its base; remainder all female, sometimes with male 
flowers at the top, oblong, stout, }-2in. long, +4 in. broad, sessile 
or the lowest shortly pedunculate; bracts long and leafy. Glumes 
ovate-oblong, membranous, chestnut-brown with pale hyaline mar- 
gins; midrib stout, produced into a short awn or batems excurrent. 
Utricle very large, much exceeding the glumes, +—+in. long, thick 
and corky, turgid, ovoid, smooth or obsoletely nerved, brown, nar- 
rowed into a short bidentate beak. Styles 3. Nut brown, auonie 
trigonous.— Boott, Ill. Car. iv. 217; Hook. f. Handb. W.Z. Fil. 
315; Benth, Fl. Austral. vii. 445; Cheesem. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. 
xvi. (1884) 439. ©. littorea, Lab. Pl. Nov. Holl. ii. 69, t. 219; 
Raoul, Choix, 40; Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i. 284. 
NortH AND Souts Istanps: Sandy shores from the North Cape to Foveaux 
Strait, abundant. October—January. 
Very distinct from any other New Zealand species. The long running 
rhizomes, glaucous keeled leaves, and large smooth and turgid utricles are con- 
spicuous characters. Common in Australia and Tasmania, along the eastern 
coasts of Asia, and in extratropical South America. 
47. C. Brownii, Tuckerm. Enum. Car. 21.— Culms tufted, 
slender, smooth, leafy at the base, 8-16 in. high. Leaves shorter 
than the culms, flat, grassy, }4+in. broad ; margins smooth or very 
slightly scabrid. Spikelets 3-4; terminal one male, small, 4-3 in. 
long, slender, often few-flowered ; remainder all female, 4-2 in. long, 
about tin. broad, dusky-brown, the two upper close together, on 
very short peduncles or subsessile, the third (when present) usually 
remote, on a slender erect peduncle sometimes 3in. long; bracts 
leafy, rather short, but the upper exceeding the inflorescence. 
Male glumes narrow, membranous, terminating in a very long 
‘folaceous awn. Female glumes with a small lanceolate or linear- 
oblong base ending in a serrulate awn equalling or shorter than 
the utricle. Utricles spreading when ripe, about + in. long, broadly 
oblong or ovoid, turgid, obscurely trigonous, strongly nerved, dull- 
brown ; beak very short, tipped with 2 pale-brown teeth. Styles 3. 
Nut obovoid-oblong, pale, trigonous.—Boott, Ill. Car. iv. 161, t. 
582; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii. 447. C. striata, R. Br. Prodr. 243 
(not of Michauz). 
Norra Istanp: Auckland—Marshes at Lake Tongonge, near Kaitaia, 
R, H. Matthews ! 
An Australian plant, ranging from Queensland to Victoria; also found in 
Japan. Mr. Matthews, who is the first to observe it in New Zealand, considers 
it to be indigenous, and there is nothing improbable in its occurrence in the 
extreme north of the colony. 
