1032 LYCOPODIACE®. [Phylloglosswm.. 
OrpER XCVI. LYCOPODIACEA. 
Perennials, from a few inches to a few feet high. Stems erect 
or pendulous, or prostrate or creeping, simple or more usually 
dichotomously branched, often hard and wiry, usually leafy through- 
out. Leaves small, simple, entire or serrulate, more or less de- 
current at the base, indistinctly 1-nerved, either spreading all round 
the axis and of the same shape and size, or dimorphous with the 
larger ones distichously spreading. Sporangia all of one kind, coria- 
ceous, l-celled in the typical genera, 2-3—4-celled in T’mesipteris and 
Psilotum, borne singly on the upper base of fertile leaves or sporo- 
phylls. Sporophylis either similar to the foliage-leaves and placed 
all down the stem, or more or less reduced in size and bract-like 
and aggregated into terminal spikes or cones, in J'mesipteris and 
Psilotum deeply bifid with the sporangia attached below the fork. 
Spores all of one kind, numerous, tetrahedral, marked with 3 radiat- 
ing lines at the tip. 
An order containing 4 genera and over 100 species, quite cosmopolitan in 
its distribution, and without any important economical properties or uses. The 
germination of the spores has so far been observed in a very small proportion of 
the species. The prothallium is monccious, as in ferns, producing both arche- 
gonia and antheridia, but the species which have been examined exhibit great 
diversities in the shape and mode of growth of the prothallium and in its 
duration; and considerable variety also exists in the development of the em- 
bryonic plant. For particulars reference must be made to special text-books 
or memoirs. As a matter of convenience, I have retained J’mesipteris and 
Psilotum in the order, but the structure of the sporangia and form of the 
sporophylls are so distinct that there can be little doubt that Pritzel and other 
authors are right in placing them in a distinct order. 
A. Lycopodiinee. Fertile leaves or sporophylls (bracts) simple, not forked. 
Sporangia reniform, compressed, 1-celled, dehiscing by a longitudinal slit. 
Minute. Stem reduced to a small tuber crowned by subu- 
late leaves. Sporangia forming a cone-like spike at the 
top of a naked peduncle 36 .. 1, PHYLLOGLOssUM. 
Larger. Stem conspicuous, branched, leafy throughout. 
Sporangia collected into terminal or lateral ee rarely 
scattered along the branches A .. 2. Lycoropium. 
B. Psilotinese. Fertile leaves or sporophylls forked. Sporangia (synangia) 
2-8-4-celled and valved, attached to the sporophylls below the fork. 
Stems simple or rarely forked. Leaves conspicuous, 
vertical. Synangia boat-shaped, 2-celled Se .. 3. TMESIPTERIS. 
Stems many times dichotomous. Leaves minute, scale- 
like. Synangia subglobose, usually 3-celled .. .. 4, Pstnorum. 
1. PHYLLOGLOSSUM, Kunze. 
A small stemiess plant, consisting of an oblong tuber (proto- 
corm) which is annually reproduced, and which bears at its apex a 
tuft of terete subulate leaves. Roots few, simple, springing from 
above the tuber directly below the leaves. Peduncle arising from 
the apex of the tuber and surrounded at its base by the leaves, 
