Phylloglossum. | ; LYCOPODIACE. 1033 
‘short, erect, simple or very rarely forked, ending in a short fertile 
‘spike or cone. Bracts several, imbricated, broadly ovate, cuspidate, 
each supporting a single reniform 1- celled sporangium, which 
dehisces by a longitudinal slit. Spores small, numerous, with 
three lines radiating from the apex. 
A genus of a single species, found in New Zealand, Tasmania, Victoria, and 
West Australia. 
1. P. Drummondii, Kunze in Bot. Zeit. (1843) 721.—Whole 
plant 1-24in. high, green, perfectly glabrous. Tuber small, 
oblong, producing another (rarely two more) during the growing 
season, the new tuber remaining dormant during the summer and 
reproducing the plant the following winter, the original tuber and 
its leaves shrivelling after the ripening of the sporangia. Leavcs 
usually from 4-10, but varying in number from 1 or 2 to 15 
or even 20, $-2in. long, linear-subulate, acute, fleshy, cylindrical. 
Peduncle 2 or 3 times as long as the leaves, stout, erect. 
Spike 4-tin. long, oblong-ovoid, terete; bracts 10-30, broad, the 
erect cusp overtopping the sporangium.—Hook. Ic. Plant. 908 ; 
Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. 11. 51; Fl. Tasm. 11. 154; Handb. N.Z. Fi. 
388; Bak. Fern Allies, 7; Thoms. N.Z. Ferns, 102. Lycopodium 
sanguisorba, Spring. Monog. Lycop. ii. 36. 
Nortu Istanp: Barren clay hills from the North Cape to the Thames 
Valley and the Middle Waikato (Lake Waikare), not uncommon. SourH 
Isntanp: Said to have been gathered near Picton by Helms, and on Banks 
Peninsula by Armstrong, but I have seen no specimens. 
A remarkable little plant, differing from all other Lycopods in its vegetative 
characters, but with the spike and sporangia of Lycopodiwm. The tuber and its 
‘leaves are so similar in appearance and mode of development to the embryonic 
plant of some species of Lycopodium, and notably to that of L. cernwwm, with 
its protocorm or embryonic tubercle, and protophylls or primordial leaves, that 
both Bower and Treub expressed the opinion that Phylloglosswm should be regarded 
as a permanently embryonic form of Lycopod. The important discovery recently 
made by Thomas that the prothallium and development of the embryo is of the 
same type as that of Lycopodiwm cernuuwm may be regarded as a satisfactory 
proof of the correctness of this view; and it seems in every way probable that 
Thomas is correct in considering Phylloglosswm to be the most primitive ot 
existing Lycopodiacee. For information on the subject the student should 
consult Professor Bower’s two memoirs ‘‘On the Development and Morphology 
of Phylloglossum Drwmmondi’’ and ‘‘ On the Morphology of the Spore-producing 
Members ” (Trans. Roy. Soc. 1886, p. 665, and 1894, p. 508-510); also Treub’s 
paper in the Annals of the Bot. Garden of Buitenzorg, Vol. viii., p. 1 et seq. ; and 
Professor Thomas’s ‘‘ Preliminary Account of the Prothallium of Phylloglossum”’ 
(Proc. Roy. Soc., Vol. lxix., p. 285-291, reprinted in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xxxiy. 
402-408). 
2. LYCOPODIUM, Linn. 
Stems erect or pendulous, or prostrate and creeping, copiously 
branched, rarely simple, often hard and wiry, usually leafy through- 
out. Leaves small, crowded or imbricate, l-nerved, entire or 
denticulate, generally uniform in size and multifarious, but in a few 
species dimorphous and distichous. Sporangia 1-celled, reniform, 
