1036 LYCOPODIACE. (Lycopodium: 
Also in Australia and Tasmania. Probably only an extreme form of 
L. Billardieri, into which it passes by imperceptible gradations, but in its 
usual state distinguished without much difficulty by the stout rigid habit, 
stouter curved spikes, and larger bracts. It is usually terrestrial or rupestral, 
rarely epiphytic. 
3. L. Billardieri, Spring. Monog. Lycop. i. 56.—Rhizome short. 
Stems tufted, pendulous from the branches of trees or from rocks,. 
1-5 ft. long, excessively dichotomously branched from the base 
upwards, slender, cylindric, dark-green, leafy throughout; upper 
branches almost flaccid. Lower leaves laxly placed, spreading or 
ascending from an erect decurrent base, 4—}in. long, linear or 
linear-ligulate, obtuse or acute, coriaceous, usually with a distinct 
midrib; upper shorter and more closely placed, more erect, often 
appressed and imbricating, +in. long, linear-subulate, acute, more 
or less keeled. Spikes terminating the branches, very numerous, 
slender, dichotomously forked, tetragonous, 1-4 in. long, 4-75 in. 
diam. Bracts densely imbricating, short, ;;-;;in. long, broadly 
ovate, acute or apiculate, keeled, the upper ones sometimes no. 
longer than the reniform sporangia.—Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. ii. 53; 
Handb. N.Z. Fl. 389; Baker, Fern Allies, 20; Thoms. N.Z. Ferns, 
104. L. varium var. Billardieri, Kirk in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xvi. 
(1884) 377. L. flagellaria, A. Rich. Fl. Nowv. Zel. 60 (not of Bory) ; 
A. OCunn. Precur. n. 155; Raoul, Choix, 37. L. Phlegmaria, A. 
Cunn. Precur. n. 157 (not of Linn). 
Var. gracile, Kirk in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xvi. (1884) 377.—Stems tufted, 
6-12in. high, slender, pale-green, flaccid. Leaves spreading, about 3 in. long, 
narrow-linear, acute or obtuse. Spikes lax, slender, 3-6in. long, simple or 
forked. Bracts about fin. long, linear, spreading or ascending, 3 or 4 times. 
as long as the sporangia.—(?)L. nove-zealandicum, Col. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. 
xix. (1887) 275. 
KeERMADEC IsLANDS, NortH AND SourtH IsLtanps: The typical form abund- 
ant in woods from the North Cape to Foveaux Strait. Var. gracile: Mount 
Egmont, 7. ¥.C.; Wairarapa Valley, J. S. Sandager! Maitai Valley, Dr. Boor 
and 7. Kirk; Westport, Dr. Gaze! Otira Gorge, 7. F. C. Sea-level to 
2000 ft. 
Hither the same or a closely allied species is found in Tahiti and others of 
the Polynesian islands. 
4.%. densum, Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. uu. 104, t. 251.—Rhizome- 
short, stout, creeping. Stems rigidly erect, woody, dendroid, 1-3 ft. 
high, simple below, much and densely fastigiately branched above ; 
branches repeatedly divided ; branchlets slender, ascending, 4,4 in. 
diam. Leaves inserted all round the stem and branches, distant 
towards the base of the stem, densely imbricating above, erect, 
closely appressed, 54,-74,in. long, subulate - lanceolate, shortly 
aristate ; in young or sterile plants often larger, squarrose or erecto- 
patent. Spikes solitary and terminal on the branchlets, very 
numerous, erect, 4-lin. long, about $in. diam., cylindric, obtuse. 
