APPENDIX. 1055 
many. Ovary superior, 3-celled; ovules 1-2 in each cell. Seeds 
with copious albumen ; embryo straight.—Trees, shrubs, or herbs, 
usually with milky acrid juice ; leaves generally alternate, stipulate. 
(p. 626.) 
LXXVI. Urticacez. Flowers minute, green. Perianth 4-5- 
lobed or -partite, often small and rudimentary, sometimes wanting. 
Stamens 4-5, opposite the perianth-segments. Ovary superior, 
l-celled; ovule solitary, erect or pendulous.—Trees, shrubs, or 
herbs ; leaves usually alternate, stipulate. (p. 630.) 
LXXVII. Cupulifere. Flowers minute, greenish ; males in cat- 
kins; females solitary or few together, surrounded by bracts. 
Perianth small or wanting. Ovary inferior, 2-3-celled; ovules 2 in 
each cell. Fruit indehiscent, 1-seeded.—Trees or shrubs; leaves 
alternate, stipulate. (p. 639.) 
Suscuass Il. GYMNOSPERMZ3. 
Ovules naked, not enclosed in an ovary; style and stigma 
wanting. Pollen coming into direct contact with the ovules. 
LXXVIII. Conifer. Flowers unisexual. Perianth always 
wanting. Males catkin-like, reduced to stamens only. Females of 
one or more naked ovules sessile on a scale or bract; scales few 
or many, in the latter case often forming cones or heads.—Trees or 
shrubs ; leaves undivided, acicular or scale-like, rarely flattened. 
(p. 644.) 
Cuass II. MONOCOTYLEDONS. 
Stem consisting of a cellular axis traversed longitudinally by 
‘scattered closed vascular bundles, with no defined central pith or 
separable bark. Leaves usually with parallel veins. Parts of the 
flower generally in threes or fours, never in fives. Embryo with a 
single terminal cotyledon. 
Series I]. Epigynze. Perianth conspicuous, biseriate, usually 
coloured. Ovary inferior, synearpous, 3-celled. 
LXXIX. Orchideew. Flowers irregular. Perianth petaloid. 
Stamen 1 (or rarely 2) confluent with the style and stigma into 
a column. Ovary 1-celled, with 3 parietal placentas. Seeds nu- 
merous, minute, without albumen.—Terrestrial or epiphytic herbs, 
of very various habit. (p. 660.) 
LXXX. Iridez, Flowers regular in the New Zealand species. 
Perianth petaloid. Stamens 3, distinct; anthers extrorse. Ovary 
3-celled. Fruit a loculicidally 3-valved capsule. Seeds with copi- 
ous albumen.—Perennial herbs; leaves narrow, often equitant and 
ensiform. (p. 698.) 
