1062 APPENDIX. 
II. LIST OF PLANTS NATURALISED IN NEW ZEALAND. 
The extent to which an alien vegetation has become established 
in New Zealand has long been a familiar fact. Immediately after 
the discovery of the country and the establishment of intercourse 
with other parts of the world, a stream of foreign plants com- 
menced to pour in; and when Huropean settlers arrived, bringing 
with them their flocks and herds, and began to clear away the 
indigenous vegetation to make room for pastures and cultivated 
fields, the inrush of foreign weeds became still more marked, and 
their spread through the country still more rapid. At the 
present time there are many districts where the indigenous flora 
has been almost entirely supplanted by a crowd of hardy im- 
migrants from the Northern Hemisphere; and there are few 
localities indeed, however remote, in which some species of foreign 
origin have not successfully established themselves. This is not 
the place to inquire into the reasons why the native vegetation is 
apparently unable to hold its own against these foreign intruders, 
or to discuss the many curious side-issues which at once arise when 
the subject is under consideration. Those who are interested in 
the matter should refer to Mr. Kirk’s memoir ‘‘ On the Displace- 
ment of Species in New Zealand” (Trans. N.Z. Inst. xxviii. 1), and 
to a paper of my own on “‘ The Naturalised Plants of the Auckland 
Provincial District” (Trans. N.Z. Inst. xv. 268). 
In the subjoined catalogue I have included all species of foreign 
origin known to me which appear to be thoroughly well established. 
I have purposely omitted several garden escapes and other plants 
which have been observed in small quantity only, or in a single 
locality, not wishing to encumber the list with the names of species 
which may fail to become permanent denizens. The total number 
of plants recorded is 528, belonging to 285 genera, and included in 
66 orders. The orders best represented are Gramine@ with 81 
species; Composite, 70; Leguminose, 49; Cruciferae, 35; Caryo- 
phyllee, 26; and Labiate, 20. With respect to their native country, 
no less than 425 come from some portion of the north temperate 
zone, including in the term Europe, North Asia, part of North 
Africa, and part of North America; 41 are of tropical origin, 
most of them having very wide ranges; 19 are from South Africa, 
and 20 from extratropical South America; while from Australia, 
notwithstanding its proximity to New Zealand, only 23 have been 
received. 
Many of the naturalised plants included in the catalogue are 
now so widely distributed that they will be taken for true natives 
by any one unacquainted with their history, and I fear that the 
