APPENDIX. Pisa 
‘TURBINATE. Top-shaped. 
Turerp. Swollen or distended. 
‘Twintne. Climbing by twining or winding round a support. 
Typr. The ideal representative of a species or other division. 
‘TYPE-SPECIMEN. The original specimen from which a description of a particular 
species was drawn up. 
‘Typrcat. That which corresponds with or represents the type. 
Umpet. An inflorescence in which several pedicels of about the same length 
radiate from the top of a common peduncle. An umbel is said to be simple 
when each of its pedicels or rays ends in a single flower; compound when 
each ray bears a secondary umbel. 
UmBELLatE. Having the inflorescence arranged in umbels. 
UmBELLULE. A secondary umbel. 
Umesricatr. Having a depression in the centre; navel-like- 
UmsBonate. Bearing a convex projection or boss. 
Unecrnate. Hooked at the extremity. 
Unpunate. Wavy; having a waved or sinuous margin. 
UneuicuLate. Applied to a petal which is narrowed at the base into a claw. 
UNILATERAL. One-sided. 
UniLocutaR. One-celled. 
UNISERIATE. Arranged in a single horizontal row or series. 
UNIsExuAL. Of one sex; applied to flowers having stamens only or pistils only. 
UrcrouaTe. Urn-shaped; contracted at the mouth like an urn or pitcher. 
Urricie. (1.) A seed-vessel consisting of a thin loose pericarp enclosing a single 
seed, as in Chenopodium. (2.) A membranous sac enclosing the fruit proper 
in Carex and Uncinia. (3.) Any bladder-shaped appendage. 
Vacina. A sheath, as of a leaf. 
VaainaTE. Sheathed. 
VALLECULE. A term applied to the grooves between the ribs of the fruit in 
Umbelliferce. 
VALVATE. (1.) Opening by valves, as in the majority of dehiscent fruits and 
many anthers. (2.) In estivation, applied when the parts of a flower-bud 
meet exactly at their edges without overlapping. 
VaLvE. One of the divisions into which a capsule or other dehiscent fruit separates 
at maturity ; the door-like lid by which many anthers open. 
VaRIEGATED. Irregularly coloured in patches or blotches. 
Variety. A subdivision of a species, differing from the type in certain constant 
characters of subordinate value. 
Vern. A strand of vascular tissue traversing a leaf or any other flat organ. 
VeIneD. Furnished with veins. 
VeInuess. Destitute of evident veins. 
Verntet. A small vein, or the ultimate branch of a vein. 
Venation. The manner in which the veins of leaves are arranged. 
VentTRAL. The anterior or inner face of a carpel, &c. ; the opposite of “dorsal.” 
VeENTRICOSE. Swelling or inflated on one side. 
VeERNICOSE. Shiny, as if varnished. 
VeERRUCOSE. Covered with wart-like projections. 
VERSATILE. Swinging freely on its support, as many anthers on their filaments. 
VerticaL. Upright; perpendicular to the plane of the horizon. 
Verticiz. A whorl, or an arrangement of similar bodies, as leaves in a circle 
about the axis. 
VERTICILLATE. Arranged in whorls or verticils. 
VesicLe. A small bladder or cavity. 
Vexittum. The standard, or large upper petal of a papilionaceous corolla. 
