COETNELLA. 181 



CoRTNiJLLA ASPERA, From. sp. 



1864. Siphonoccelia aspera, From. Polyp. Corall. de Gray. t. 15. f. 6. 

 1878. Corynella aspera, Zitt. Studien, III Ab. p. 36. 



Distribution. Upper Jura. 



COEYNELLA MADRBPOEATA, Quenst. sp. 



1878. Madrespongia madreporata, Quenst. Petref. Bd. 5j p. 212, t. 124. f. 70-72. 

 1826-33. Cnemidiam astrophorum, Goldf. pars, Petref, 1 Th. t. 35. f. 8 6. 

 1878. Corynella madreporata, Zitt. Studien, III Ab. p. 37. 



Distribution. Upper Jura : Nattheim, Wiirtemberg. 



Corynella foraminosa, Goldf. sp. (Plate XXXIV. figs. 9, 9 «, 9 b.) 



1826-33. Scyphia foraminosa, Goldf. Petref. 1 Th. p. 86, t. 31. f. 4. 



1851. Scyphia foraminosa, Morris, Cat. Brit. Foss. p. 29. 



1854. Scyphia foraminosa et intermedia, Mant. Medals of Creation, vol. i. p. 227, t. 70. 



f. 2, 6. 

 1864. Endostoma foraminosum, F. A. Roemer, Pal. Bd. 13, p. 39, t. 14. f. 6. 

 1871. Epitfieles foraminosa, Gein. Pal. Bd. 20, p. 33, t. 8. f. 13. 

 1874. Scypliia foraminosa, Davey, Trans. Newb. Field-Club, p. 13. 

 1878. Corynella foraminosa, Zitt. Studien, III Ab. p. 37. 

 1883. Corynella foraminosa, Dunik. Pal. Bd. 29, t. 39. f. 5. 



Sponges growing singly, or occasionally two or three individuals are united near 

 their bases. The individuals are subcylindrical or subconical, usually widest below, 

 and gradually tapering to the summit. The specimens vary from 12 to 50 mm. in 

 height, and from 10 to 21 mm. in width. The walls are from 4 to 9 mm. in thickness, 

 and the cloacal aperture is from 3 to 7 mm. in width. 



A compact dermal layer covers the lower portion of the wall in some specimens ; 

 where this is not present, the exterior surface shows irregular apertures between the 

 fibres. The interior surface of the cloaca is smooth and perforated with canal- 

 apertures, but in some examples canals are not apparent, or merely present near 

 the basal portion where the walls are thickest. 



The anastomosing fibres, as seen in a transparent section of a specimen from 

 the Lower Green Sand at Farringdon, are from '18 to •24 mm. in thickness; they 

 are mainly composed of slender, filiform three-rayed spicules, with a few larger 

 forms intermingled. In the section the filiform spicules appear as if uniaxial, 

 but they probably all possess a third minute central ray, similar to the spicules 

 of C. riujosa. I have not detected any surface four-rayed spicules in the specimens 

 examined. 



