oe M. M. Mercatr 
[Opalina] ranarum, and (p. 111) briefly describes Bursaria intestinalhs, 
{which according to his description cannot be an Opalina). 
EHRENBERG (1835, p. 164) in a discussion of the “male gland” 
of Protozoa, says that that of Bursaria [Opalina] ranarum is band- 
shaped or has a “Sezdenschnurform”. 
PurkInJE & VALENTIN (1835) mention a form which they believed 
may perhaps be the same as Enrenspero’s Bursaria ranarum. To 
this form they give the name Opalina ranarum, the first use of the 
name Opalina. “Propter colorum superficer splendorum et varietatem sub 
sole pleno adparentem Opalinam eam vocavimus.” 
Von SreEBoOLD, in 1835, mentions the occurrence in the spring 
in Rana temporaria of a great number of completely ciliated, light 
eray animalcula, and refers to the regularly undulating stripes 
over the whole body, due, as he [correctly] says, to the serial wave- 
-like movement of the cilia. [The reference is clearly to O. ranarum.| 
EHRENBERG (1838) gives drawings of his Bursaria intestinalis 1) 
and B. ranarum, which beyond doubt are respectively of O. intesti- 
nalis and O. ranarum. His description of the former species shows 
that he confused with it O. dimidiata. He says it is abundant in 
February, near Berlin, in Bufo cinereus, Rana temporaria [incorrect] 
and Rf. esculenta. The nucleus is called a male gland, and a mouth 
is [of course erroneously] described as present at the pointed [posterior | 
end of the body. Numerous digestive vacuoles [probably nuclei of 
O. dimidiata| are described. The same interpretation is given to the 
nuclei of Bursaria |Opalina| ranarum, The abundant refractive sphe- 
rules of both species are called egg-granules. Transverse division of 
O. intestinalis is mentioned and figured. Bursaria |Opalina| ranarum 
is decribed as large, flat, with 32—33 longitudinal rows of cilia; a 
mouth is described at the pointed anterior end, and an anus at 
the broad posterior end; a small curved male gland is also described. 
Neither species was found to ingest pigment granules given to it, 
so the position of the egestion opening was only doubtfully identified. 
[Of course Opalina has neither mouth nor anus.| The dimensions 
of B. intestinalis are given as: length */,,)—1/,.) of an inch, diameter 
of the eggs 1/,,,, of an inch; of B. ranarum, length 4/,,;,—*/,. of 
an inch. Exnrenpera’s figures give the first entirely certain identi- 
fication of any species of Opalina, there being no doubt as to the 
species from which they were made, but O. intestinalis, though well 
‘) He makes no reference to his previous description of Bursaria intestinalis 
(1831) which does not apply to any Opalina. 
