THE REINDEER. 73 
from which Torfzeus derived his account, and has 
shown that the animals hunted by the jarls of 
Orkney were in reality not the Roe, but the Red- 
deer, and the Reindeer, living at the same time in 
that part of Scotland. The original passage runs 
thus: ‘ Thar var sithr Jarla naer hvert sumar at 
fara yfer a Katanes oc thar upp a merkr at veda 
Rauddyri edr Hreina;” which is translated by Jonzeus 
as follows: ‘ Solebant Comites quavis fere wstate in 
Katenesum transire, ibique in desertis feras rubras et 
rangiferos venart”—the jarls of Orkney were in the 
habit of crossing over to Caithness almost every 
summer, and there hunting in the wilds the Red- 
deer and the Reindeer.” 
Dr. Hibbert accepts this version of Jonzeus, and 
so also does Professor Brandt of St. Petersburgh. 
In the English edition of Jon, A. Hjaltalin and G. 
Goudie (Edinb., 1873, p. 182), the words are trans- 
lated: “Every summer the Earls were wont to go 
over to Caithness and up into the forests to hunt 
the Red-deer or the Reindeer.” An eminent Ice- 
Jandic scholar, however, Mr. Eirikr Magnusson of 
Cambridge, is of opinion that neither version 1s 
quite correct as regards the latter words, the literal 
translation being: “It was the custom for the Earls 
nearly every summer to go over into Caithness and 
then up into the woods to hunt Red-deer or reins.” 
Mr. Magnusson further observes that the word 
edr has two meanings, equivalent to the Latin sive 
and vel, and he therefore considers it uncertain 
whether the proper reading is that they went to 
