96 NEW ZEALAND PLANTS. 
of the 600 special alpine species 94 per cent. are found in no other part 
of the world ; of the remainder, 22 species also occur in Australia, 
9 are subantarctic South American, and 6 cosmopolitan or nearly so. 
One family and the following 15 genera, 7 of which are endemic, 
are confined to the high mountains: The Logania family (genera, 
Logania, a dwarf shrub, and Mitrasacme, very small tufted herbs) ; 
Marsippospermum, the species of the rush form; Hzocarpus, the 
habit of which is shrubby, creeping, leafless; Hectorella (endemic), 
a small cushion- plant; Pachycladon (endemic), a rosette - plant; 
Notothlaspi (endemic), a rosette-plant; Corallospartiwm (endemic), 
stout leafless shrub; Swainsona, a rosette-herb; Pernettya, a dwarf 
heath ; Phyllachne, cushion-plants; Forstera, small semi-prostrate 
herbs ; Leucogenes (endemic), mat-forming, low, woolly, semi-woody ; 
Haastia (endemic), huge cushion-plant (H. pulvinaris), or prostrate 
semi-woody woolly plants (H. Sinclair, H. recurva and its var. Wallir) : 
‘Traversia (endemic), erect shrub with form of other tree-daisies. 
Other genera possess far more high-mountain than lowland species. 
Perhaps the most characteristic of these are: Various grasses, 
especially Poa, Agrostis, Deschampsia, Trisetum, and Danthoma ; 
Colobanthus ; buttercups (Ranunculus); spaniards and spear-grasses 
(Aciphylla); Anisotome; needle-leaved heaths (Dracophyllum); gentians 
(Gentiana); forget-me-nots (Myosotis); koromikos (Veronica) ; 
ourisias (Owrisia) ; tree-daisies (Olearia) ; celmisias, cotton - plants, 
mountain -musks (Celmisia); raoulias, vegetable - sheep (Raoulia) ; 
everlastings (Helichrysum) ; cotulas (Cotula) ; groundsels, both herbs 
and shrubs (Senecio). 
There are also a number of other genera which play an import- 
ant part in the flora, although some contain few or no strictly 
high-mountain species. The more important are: The grasses 
Hierochloe and. Festuca; the hooked sedges (Uncinia); the New 
Zealand flax (Phormium), represented by its species P. Colensoz - 
the southern-beeches (Nothofagus) ; the bog-lily (Chrysobactron) ; sun- 
dews (Drosera); New Zealand brooms (Carmichaelia) ; cranesbills 
(Geranium) ; tutu (Coriaria) ; snowberries (Gaultheria) ; various small 
heaths (Leucopogon, Cyathodes); coprosmas (Coprosma);  lobelias 
(Pratia); bluebells (Wahlenbergia); cudweeds (Gnaphalium) ; cas- 
sinias (Cassinia); certain ferns and lycopods; and many taxads 
(Podocarpus and Dacrydiwm). Sedges (Carex) are represented by 
many high-mountain species. 
