72 MISCELLANEOUS FOEEST INSECTS. 



(^) Species which were species inquirendx from the standpoint of the author of the 

 generic name at the time of its publication. 



(y) Species which the author of the genus doubtfully referred to it. 



(/) In case a generic name without originally designated type is proposed as a sub- 

 stitute for another generic name, with or without type, the type of either, when 

 established, becomes ipso facto type of the other. 



(g) If an author, in publishing a genus with more than one valid species, fails to 

 designate (see a) or to indicate (see b, d) its type, any subsequent author may select 

 the type, and such designation is not subject to change. (Type by subsequent desig- 

 nation.) 



The meaning of the expression "select a type " is to be rigidly construed. Mention 

 of a species as an illustration or example of a genus does not constitute a selection of 

 a type. 



III. Recommendations. — In selecting types by subsequent designation, authors will 

 do well to govern themselves by the following recommendations: 



(h) In the case of Linnsean genera select as type the most common or the medicinal 

 species. 



(i) If a genus, without designated type, contains among its original species one pos- 

 sessing as a specific or subspecific name, either as valid name or synonym, a name 

 which is virtually the same as the generic name, or of the same origin or same mean- 

 ing, preference should be shown to that species in designating the type, unless such 

 preference is strongly contra-indicated by other factors. (Type by virtual tautonomy.) 



(ic) If some of the original species have later been classified in other genera, prefer- 

 ence should be shown to the species still remaining in the original genus. (Type by 

 elimination.) 



(n) Show preference to the best described, best figured, best known, or most easily 

 obtainable species, or to one of which a type specimen can be obtained. 



(o) Show preference to a species which belongs to a group containing as large a 

 number of the species as possible. 



(q) All other things being equal, show preference to a species which the author 

 of the genus actually studied at or before the time he proposed the genus. 



(r) In case of writers who habitually place a certain leading or typical species first 

 as "chef de file," the others being described by comparative reference to this type, 

 this fact should be considered in the choice of the type species. 



(s) In case of those authors who have adopted the "first species rule" in fixing 

 generic types, the first species named by them should be taken as types of their genera. 



(t) All other things being equal, page precedence should obtain in selecting a type. 



CATALOGUE. 



The various genera accredited to Jurine (Nouv. Meth. Hym. Ins., 

 vol. 1, 1807) have been accredited to Panzer (Krit. Revis., vol. 2, 

 1806). Panzer accredits the genera to Jurine, but they are in none 

 of Jurine's earlier papers, while he treated them rather fully in 1807- 



All references to Encyclopedic M^thodique, Insectes, vol. 10. 1825,. 

 have been changed to "vol. 10, pt. 2, 1828." Volume 10 came out in 

 two numbers, the second, containing the Tenthredinidae, appearing 

 in 1828. 



The word " isogenotypic " is used when two genera have the same 

 species as the genotype. 



The word "monobasic" is used to indicate that a genus was 

 founded on one originally included species. 



