— 183 — 



Summary. 



Seven gynandrous specimens were examined: Pieris rapae L., 

 Gonepteryx rhamni L., Dendrolimus pini L., Pygaera timon H b. and 

 three Porthetria dispar L., principally their genital structures. These 

 latter gave some important facts concerning the morphology and ho- 

 mologies of the terminal segments and their appendages on the abdo- 

 men in Lepidoptera. All specimens belong to the „asymmetrical" (16, 

 17, 47) 30 ) type of gynandromorphs and represent by their external appea- 

 rance whether „halved" (rapae, pini, timon), or „mosaic" (rhamni, 

 dispar) gynandromorphs. 



The examination of the genitalia of the „halved" P. rapae has 

 shown (pp. 153 — 155, ff. 1 — 4) that the paired secondary (copulatory) 

 and tertiary sexual organs (structure and pigmentation of wings) are 

 divided by the plane of the body symmetry into two pretty normal 

 halves, male and female, but the unpaired organs (penis, bursa and 

 their ostia) are developed nearly normally. Ill formed uncus may be 

 considered as its right half only. 



The genitalia ot the „mosaic" G. rhamni, at first sight, appeared to 

 be quite irregular and distorted, but, really, proved to be symmetri- 

 cal enough and bearing, principally, female characters, except a deve- 

 loped saccus and two valvoids (pp. 155 — 157, f. 5). 



The strongly „halved" D. pini proved by its genitalia to be 

 nearly normal male, but having a papilla analis instead of a normal 

 tubercle of the uncus on the right side, and a rudiment of the la- 

 mella antevaginalis (pp. 158—159, ff. 6 — 8). 



The „halved" P. timon proved to be divided into lateral halves, male 

 and female, with a preponderance of the first (pp. 159 — 161, ff, 9 — 13). 



The genitalia of specimens of P. dispar, all „mosaic", are nearly 

 quite normally male, except the split apex of the uncus, or the pre- 

 sence of a rudimentary intersegmental membrane between the ninth 

 and tenth tergites of the tegumen (pp. 162—168, ff. 14— 16) :il ). 



3(l ) The numbers in brackets correspond to those in the list of littéra- 

 ture quoted (pp. 185 189). 



:!l ) Two gynandrous specimens of P. dispar captured and examined, and 

 some more observed, in one isolated locality of the Astrachan Government 

 during a few days in June 1915, induce the writer to suppose that the pheno- 

 menon of gynandromorphism must serve also as an important factor regula- 

 ting and controlling the increase in great numbers of the members of isolated 

 colonies, the influence of the incest on the development of the gynandrous in- 

 dividuals being demonstrated by previous authors (Brake 6—9, Gold- 

 schmid t 16— 17, Poppelbau m 47, Pan tel and Sine t y 44). This 

 factor, perhaps, even could be comparable with the regulating influence of 

 parasites (pp. 163 — 167, note 12). 



Русск. Энтом.. Обозр. XVI. 1916. N° 3-4. 



