46 



Forest in the observation of this species, I have never found a 



female of this insect which is other than either A. paphia or A. 



valezina, yet I have found a green shade somewhat pervading tlie 



female of the former to greater or less extent. 



In Clisiocampa neustria dimorphism is well pronounced. I 



have both males and females of a yellowish buff" and of a dark 



brown color. 



Colias edusa and Colias hyaJe are both dimorphic in the 



female sex. Some of the females of the former are red and some 



yellow, and of the latter some are yellow and others white or 



nearly so. 



Trimorphism in butterflies is not found in England, but 



attention has been drawn to it by Mr. A. Eussell Wallace in the 



case of certain species of Papilio inhabiting the Austro and Indo 



Malayan Archipelago. 



Papilio pammon, Papilio thesms and Papilio ormenus are all 



trimorphic in the female sex. 



Horeomorphism. — In this class I place all those lepidoptera 



which appear twice a year, and with such a difference in their 

 coloration that in many cases they have been held to be distinct 

 species. The best illustration of this, found in Great Britain, 

 is Pieris Napi ; this insect appears in May and June and again 

 in July and August. The males of the Spring emergence are 

 almost white on the upper side, and the undersides of the 

 secondary wings have their venations densely irrorated with 

 dark grey. The Females on the upper side have the venations of 

 the wings densely irrorated with gray on a whitish ground, and 

 the undersides strongly suffused with the same color, denser at 

 the sides of each venation. The males of the summer emer- 

 gence have well-deflned larger or smaller subapical black spots on 

 the upper wings on a pure white ground, the sprinkling of gray 

 near each venation on the underside being much less than in 

 those of the spring emergence. The females have a pure white 

 ground color to all the wings on the upper side, and the vena- 

 tions are well defined with black edgings; on the underside the 

 irrorations on the edges of the venations are very much less 

 pronounced. It appears from the researches of Dr. Weisman, 

 that whether the insect presents the coloration of the spring or 

 summer emergence, depends entirely on the time it remains in the 



