55. 



This does not appear to exceed fifty feet in its greatest 

 depth. It is formed of yellow sands and sandy clays with 

 layers of gravel. These alternate. On the Eastern side 

 of the hill, sandy layers predominate over gravel, in a 

 section twelve or more feet deep ; on the South, clays 

 underlie a great depth of pebbles ; while on the North- 

 West, beds of clayey sand and pebbles are nearly equally 

 laid. The pebbles are all tertiary, with the exception of 

 small bits of quartz, such as are common in Bagshot beds, 

 and resemble those identified by Mr. W. Whitaker, at Have- 

 ring and elsewhere in Essex, as Lower Bagshot. [PI. n.fig- 5-) 



On the Northern side of the hill the gravel has been 

 "trailed," so as to remove all signs of bedding. 



I therefore conclude that this gravel is largely com- 

 posed of the wreck of some Bagshot bed, if, indeed, part 

 of the bed does not cap the hill beneath the gravel. The 

 upper part of the bed of gravel is thrown into confusion, 

 and in its surface layer are some small pebbles of quartz, 

 which belong to a later glacial disturbance than that 

 which has moved the stones lower down in the bed. 



The upper portion of this gTavel resembles many 

 patches at similar elevations in Middlesex and South 

 Essex. But these Pebble Gravels (coloured red by Mr. 

 Whitaker) on Shooters Hill, Hampstead, Barnet, Totte- 

 ridge, Epping, Warley, Laindon, and Hadleigh, resemble 

 each other sufficiently to permit of their being bracketed 

 as one. With them I would couple those at Swanscombe, 

 Darenth Wood, and Cobham, together with those on the 

 summit of Lodge Hill (Hoo) and Eastchurch (Sheppy). 

 All are not precisely alike, but I consider that, taken as a 

 whole, and allowing for the greater proximity that the 

 Kentish gravels have to the surface of the Chalk and 

 the Wealden debris on it, there is a resemblance. The 

 regularly decreasing level at which they are found, from 

 400 feet on the West and 200 feet on the East is in favour 

 of this. 



From the time the sea left the Chalk ridge clear, rain 



