86 



NATURAL HISTORY BULLETIN 



are often spatulate, spoon-shaped, or suger-tongs shaped, or bat- 

 tledore-shaped, and usually may best be called plataleiform or 

 spatulate. When furnished with receiving pits, they have been 

 called excavate ; but fossate seems to be a more appropriate term. 



The peculiar papilliform pedicellarise of the Paxillosa, with 

 two to four or more slender valves, apparently formed by modi- 

 fied spinules or granules, are also found in certain of the Yalvii- 

 losa. Sometimes such pedicellarige are found associated with 

 larger valvular pedicellarige on the same specimen, as in the 

 genus Nymphaster, and in a few other genera. 



The following is the arrangement of the suborders and fam- 

 ilies adopted by the writer (op. cit,, 1914a) : 



Order PHANEROZONA. 



Suborder I. Val,vulosa Verrill = Valvata Perrier. 

 (Sense extended.) 



Family I. Ophidiasterid^ Verrill, 1867 = Linckiad^ Per- 

 rier, 1875. 



Family II. Valvasterid^ Fisher, 1911. 



Family III. Asteropid^ Fisher, 1911 = Gymnaterid^ {pars) 

 of authors. 



Family IV, Oreasterid^ Fisher = Pentacerotidce Gray (re- 

 stricted) . 



Family V. Mimasterid^ Verrill. 



Family VI. Goniasterid^ Forbes (restricted), includes An- 

 theneidce Perrier (restricted). 



Family VII. Odontasterid^ Verrill = Gnathasterince Perrier 

 (pars). 



Family VIII. Ch^tasterid^ Ludwig. 



Family IX. Archasterid^ Ver. (restricted to Archaster). 



Suborder II. Notomyota Ludwig (as an order). 

 Family X. Benthopectinid^ Verrill; BenthopectiniiKE Ver- 

 rill, 1894. 



Suborder III. Paxillosa Perrier (sense restricted). 

 Family XI. Porcellanasterid^ Sladen. 

 Family XII. Goniopectinid^ Verrill. 

 Family XIII. Astropectinid^ Gray (restricted). 

 Family XIV. Luidiid^ Verrill = Luidiinw Sladen. 



