CAREX. 207 



98. C. SYLVATiCA. N. Wooded banks of Wooler-water below 

 Langley-ford. — B. In Langton and Penmanshiel woods ; and in Red 

 Clues cleugh, J. Hardy. June. 



99. C. PENDULA. Damp woods. B. Sea-banks below Lamber- 

 ton Shiels. It grows principally in wet spots near the coal-pit of 

 Lamherton. Sea-banks behind Dunglass old toll, J. Hardy ; and 

 plentiful in Dunglass dean on the southern bank considerably above 

 the wood bridge. — N. In the dean of Twizell-house. A tall and ef- 

 fective species in its braky localities. 



100. C. RECURVA = C. glauca. B. In wet ground on the sea- 

 banks at the Pigeon's Cove. 



101. C. PR.ECOX. Dry pastures and heaths, common. April, 

 May. 



102. C. PiLULiFERA. This is of frequent occurrence on all our 

 moors. May. 



103. C. HiRTA. Wet meadows and watery places, frequent. June. 



104. C. AMPULLACEA. Bogs, peat-pits, and ditches in heathy 

 soil, common in our district. June. 



105. C. vESicARiA. N. In boggy ground above Wooler-water, 

 opposite the shepherd's house near Middleton-hall, Jas. Mitchell. 



106. C. PALUDOSA. Boggy places and banks of ditches, frequent. 

 May. 



107. C. RiPARiA. B. At the river-side on Gainslaw haugh, 

 plentiful. North bank of the Whiteadder opposite Hutton. On the 

 Ale near its confluence with the Eye, A. A. Carr. May. — Ad- 

 mirably adapted for making feet-brushes for passages. See Hodgson's 

 Hist. Northumberland, ii. pt. ii. p. 458. 



Of this long list of Carices our common people have not distin- 

 guished one by a peculiar name. The sea- shore species are con- 

 founded with the Bents, the large water sorts with Segges, and the 

 muirland kinds with the Sprats, Bents*, Lings, and Purlaingsf. 

 The Carices add considerably to the early herbage of bogs and moors, 

 but nothing to the landscape, excepting only the large woodland 

 seekers, and especially C. pendula, which impart a graceful feature 

 wherever they appear. The mud-loving species often line the sides 

 of a mill dam, or of a ditch, or of a sluggish stream, like the Leet 

 and the Lows, with a narrow belt of coarse hard jungle-like vege- 

 tation of a dusty green colour. In this cover, so to speak, the 

 Lythrus salicaria is fond of taking shelter, and hides her long beauti- 

 ful purple spikes. The common Reed and the Riband-grass mingle 



* " Paring and burning has been tried on some plains of benty moors, 

 in the lower district of the county, with advantage." Lowe's View, p. 56. 



t The mosses in Lammermoor " produce purlaing, which comes early 

 in the spring, but, on the whole, great tracts of the moor and moss, espe- 

 cially where they lie low and flat, are not worth sixpence the acre." Lowe's 

 View, p. 61. 



