GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
Ligule.—A small stipule-like appendage 
at the base of the leaves of grasses. 
Linear (Leaves). —Very narrow, but flat. 
Linear-lanceolate. — Long and narrow, 
but tapering, and broadest below the 
middle. 
Linear-oblong.—Somewhat broader than 
when linear. 
Lyrate (Leaves). —With horizontal lobes, 
the terminal one largest. 
Mealy.—Covered with minute white pow¬ 
dery down. 
Membranous (Leaves). —Very thin and lax. 
Monadelphous (Stamens). — United by 
the filaments into one group. 
Monoecious.—Barren and fertile flowers 
distinct, but upon the same plant. 
Mucronate (Leaves). — With the midrib 
projecting from the apex. 
Obcordate.—Cordate, with the lobes up¬ 
ward. 
Obovate (Leaves). —Egg-shaped, with the 
broadest part above. 
Obsolete (Calyx.) —Rudimentary, a mere 
rim. 
Obtuse (Leaves). —Blunt at the apex. 
Opposite (Leaves). —Placed in pairs on 
opposite sides of the stem. 
Orbicular (Leaves). —Circular in general 
outline. (Boot). —Globular. 
Oval (Leaves). —Oval in general outline. 
Ovate (Leaves). —Egg-shaped, with the 
broadest part below. 
Palmate (Leaves). —With finger-like lobes. 
Papilionaceous (Flowers). —Like the Pea- 
flower. See Introduction. 
Pappus.—The hairs or scales (rudiment¬ 
ary calyx) below the florets of Com- 
positae. 
Parietal (Placenta). — Attached to the 
sides of the carpels. 
Pectinated.—Toothed like a comb. 
Pedate (Leaves). —Divided primarily into 
three, the two lateral brandies forked 
or divided into leaflets on their inner 
margin only, as in Hellebore. 
Pedatifid (Leaves). —With pedate lobes. 
Pedicel. — The stalk supporting each 
flower on a branched flower-stem. 
Peltate (Leaves). —With the stalk attached 
to the underside, as in Hydrocotyle. 
Perfoliate (Leaves). —Base of the leaf sur¬ 
rounding the stem, as in Chlora. 
Perigynous (Stamens). —Situated appa¬ 
rently upon the calyx. 
Persistent.—Remaining attached, not de¬ 
ciduous. 
Pilose.—Covered with long hairs. 
Pinnate (Leaves). —Composed of a row of 
leaflets on each side of the stalk, as in 
the Rose. 
Pinnatiiid (Leaves). —Pinnately lobed. 
Procumbent ( Stem). — Lying on the 
ground for the greater part of its 
length. 
Prostrate (Stem). — Lying close to the 
ground. 
Pubescent.—Downy; covered with close 
soft hairs. 
Quinate (Leaves). —With five diverging 
leaflets. 
Radical.—Springing from the root. 
Ray.—The outer ligulate flowers of some 
Composite. 
Reniform (Leaves). — Kidney-shaped or 
very broadly cordate. 
Retuso (Leaves). —Truncate and slightly 
indented at the apex. 
Revolute (Leaves).— The margins rolled 
backwards. 
Rotate (Florvers). —With the petals radi¬ 
ating horizontally. 
Runcinate (Leaves). —With lateral lobes 
curving towards the stem. 
Runners. — Creeping stems thrown out 
from the root. 
Sagittate (Leaves). —With acute lobes at 
the base, like a barbed arrow-head. 
Scape. — A flower-stalk rising from the 
root, without leaves. 
Scions.—Runners. 
Serrated (Leaves). —Indented on the mar¬ 
gin with sharp teeth, like a saw. 
Sessile.—Placed directly upon the stem, 
without stalks. 
Setaceous (Leaves). — Very slender or 
bristle-like. 
Set®.—Bristly hairs. 
Sinuated (Leaves). —With broad shallow 
rounded indentations on the margin. 
Spatulate (Leaves). —Broadest at the apex, 
and long and tapering below. 
Spinous.—Furnished with thorns or 
prickles. 
Subulate (Leaves). —Awl-shaped, narrow- 
linear, as thick as broad. 
Succulent.—Thick, soft and juicy. 
Ternate (Leaves). — Composed of three 
leaflets. 
Tomentose. — Cottony, or covered with 
thick down. 
Toothed (Leaves). —Cut on the margin 
into deep teeth. 
Trifid (Leaves ).—Three-cleft. 
Tri-pinnate (Leaves). —Thrice pinnately 
compound. 
Tri-pinnatifid (Leaves). — Thrice pin¬ 
nately lobed. 
Urceolate (Corolla). — Cup-shaped, but 
contracted at the top. 
Vittse.—Channels filled with oil in tho 
fruit of Umbellifer®. 
Whorled (Leaves ).—Arranged in circles 
around the nodes, several together. 
