14 



GoRDius and its relatives are also sometimes found 

 crawling on the ground, among dead leaves, &c., especially 

 in wet forest districts. 



Olicjoch.eta (Earthworms and 

 their allies) are abundant every- 

 where in damp soil, under stones, 

 or among rotting vegetation, some- 

 times even in the accumulated 

 water and vegetable debris in 

 hollows in the branches of trees. 

 Many species are very small and 

 inconspicuous. The earthworms 

 may be obtained by digging, but 

 many of them emerge from their 

 burrows after rain, and may then 

 be collected, while some species 

 habitually lie with part of their 

 bodies out of their holes at night, 

 except in frosty weather or bright 

 moonlight. They may be caught 

 with forceps when found in this 

 position, but are very sensitive to 

 light and vibration, and dart back 

 into their burrows with astonishing 

 speed if disturbed. 



Land-leeches occur chiefly in 

 the tropics, lying in wait for their 

 vertebrate prey, either on the 

 ground or on forest undergrowth, 

 always provided that the situation 

 is moist. They often attack man 

 and domestic animals passing 

 through such places. 

 (ii) Marine localities * 



[(() Parasites. As on land and in 

 fresh water, all kinds of mammals, 

 birds, reptiles, and fishes may be 

 examined for Platyhelminthes, 

 Nematoda, Acanthocephala, and 

 HmuDiNEA (see Synopsis). The 

 last-named are not always attached 

 Figure li. to their hosts (usually fishes),. but 



A land Pi;maricin, Geopiana may be found free in the watei', or 



*Much valuable information about the collection and preservation of 

 Marine organisms will be found in a most useful book, " Science of the Sea," 

 issued by the Challenger Society. London : John Murray. Gs. 



