46 
F. montana, Tree Sparrow, Bu., Hap., in holes in tall trees, generally a great height 
from the ground. 2.m.—Dry grass, feathers, and wool, enough may often be 
taken out to fill a man’s hat. Breeds here very seldom; two nests near Totting- 
ton in 1868. 
F. domestica, House Sparrow, Bu., &c., in holes in buildings, &c., sometimes makes 
large nests in trees. ..—Dry grass, feathers, and wool, in abundance. 
F. chloris, Greenfinch, Bu., in hedgerows. .m.—Twigs, roots, moss, wool, and 
feathers. Breeds mostly where orchards and gardens are plentiful, commoner 
the farther we go away. 
F. carduelis, Goldfinch, M., W., in tall hedgerows or young trees. #.m.—Twigs, 
roots, moss, feathers, and the down of willows, one nest found at Lytham lined 
with Pheasants’ feathers. Almost extinct in this neighbourhood. 
F. linota, Linnet, Bu., M., W., 'I., in low bushes, almost invariably gorse bushes. 
ai Bas a dry grass, wool, and hair. Prefers an open broken country 
0 breed inc, 
F. linaria, Lesser Redpole, Bu., M., Hap., in tall hedgerows or young trees. 2.1.— 
Dry grass and roots, lined with willow down. Much reduced in this district. 
F, montium, Twite or Mountain Linnet, Bu., &., under shelter of a tuft of heather on 
high meors. .m.—Roots and stalks of heath, dry grass, wool, hair, and 
feathers. Breeds numerously on most of the moors around here. 
Loxia pyrrhula, Bullfinch, W., Hap., M.,in a young tree or bush, rather close to 
the ground. .m.—Nest very like ring-doves of slender twigs laid platform 
shape, lining of finer twigs and roots. Very rare in immediate neighbourhood, 
rather numerous in parts of North Lancashire; nest at Holcombe in 1869 
L. curvirostra, Crossbill, Bu., in tall fir trees close to the top. #.2.—Flattish 
nest of twigs, roots, dry grass, and hair-like roots fora lining. One nest found 
at Cockey Moor Wood in 1865, the only known instance in the district. 
Sturnus vulgaris, Starling, Bu., &c., in holes in old buildings, rotten trees, clefts of 
rocks, &c. 2.m—Large nest of dry grass, straw, wool and feathers. Will 
sometimes breedin colonies, as at Hapton, where several hundred pairs breed 
in a honey-combed cliff. 
Corvus corone, Carrion Crow, Bu., Har., B., M., on the topmost branches of tall trees 
in unfrequented places. .m.—Large nest of twigs and dry grass. Not com- 
mon, but occurs more frequently on the northern side of the town. Known to 
nest in Walmersley. 
C. frugilegus, Rook, Bu., &c., in colonies of sometimes a hundred or more in tall 
trees. .m.—Twigs and dry grass. Numerous enough in this district. 
C. monedula, Jackdaw, Bu., M.,'Hap., W., in small colonies, in old church towers 
and ruins, and hollow trees. .m.—Sticks, roots, dry grass, and sometimes 
sheep’s wool. More numerous about 10 miles to the north. 
C. Pica, Magpie, Bu., &c., on the tops of trees, most often in woods. .m.—Large 
domed nest of dry twigs, mud, and roots. 
C. glandarius, Jay, M., W., in trees in thick woods. .m.—Sticks and dry grass ~ 
lined with fine roots. Would be much commoner if not persecuted by keepers. 
Picus viridis, Green Woodpecker, near B. Edge, M., W., in holes in trees. ”.m.— 
No nest, eggs laid on dust of tree. Very rare in this neighbourhood. 
P. major, Great Spotted Woodpecker, M., W., in holes in trees. .m.—No nest, 
eggs laid on dust of tree. Very rarely nests around here, though the preceding 
species and even this have been known to breed at Chesham some years ago. 
Yunx torquilla, Wryneck, M., W., in holes in trees. ».m.—Nonest. Very rare 
and only occurs at wide intervals. 
Hirundo rustica, Barn Swallow, Bu., &c., on rafters in barns and outhouses, some- 
times on cornices of doors and windows. .m.—Mud, dry grass, and lining of 
feathers. Breeds mostly in the country away from town. 
H. urbica, House Martin, Bu., &c., under cornices and eaves of windows, &c. 
Semi-circular nest of mud, and lining of feathers. Commonest in the town. 
H. riparia, Sand Martin, Bu., &c., In holes in sandbanks, made by the bird itself, 
near a water. .m.—Slight nest of dry grass and feathers. Breeds in colonies 
mostly. 
es 
