small, purplish-black fruits, and the one white line down the leaf. The 
compact var. of J. communis, Linn., distinguished by some as a species, 
under the name of J. nana, Willd., is remarkable for its densely packed, 
short, curved leaves; but is only found in high Alpine situations in the 
Alpes Maritimes. Juniperus phenicea, Linn., belongs to quite an- 
other section of the genus (Sect. Sabina, Spach), and is distinguished 
at once by its scale-like leaves; on abnormal branches one may, how- 
ever, sometimes see long, linear leaves like those of J. Oxycedrus, Linn., 
in shape. A curious form, distinguished by Parlatore as var. monstrosa 
(Parl. in DC. Prodr. 1. ¢.), is found among the mountains near Men- 
tone. In this the nuts are pointed, and project through the fruit, a 
condition perhaps due to injury from insects. M. Parlatore, whose 
generic description I have copied above, takes a different view of 
Conifers from that now generally accepted. Many botanists treat 
Conifer as a great section of the vegetable kingdom, wholly unlike 
other flowering plants in having the ovules and seeds without any 
covering, style, or pericarp. M. Parlatore believes that the ovule and 
seeds are enclosed in an ovary, in the tubular apex of which he sees 
a style and a stigma in its orifice. This view appears to me tenable, 
and has the attraction of making one mystery the less. 
ExeLanation OF Puate LXV.—Fig. A 1, a subglobular fruit, in 
which only 6 scales are combined, of natural size. A 2, a subglobular 
fruit of the natural size, in which 3 seales from the third whorl from 
the apex are partly combined. A 3, a subturbinate fruit of the natural 
size, having these 3 scales combined. A 4, a fruit: longitudinally divided, 
with only one nut remaining, showing the resinous cavities, magnified. 
A. 5, female catkin, with 2 of the 3 scales of the uppermost whorl, and 
one ovary removed, magnified. A 6, an ovary, magnified. A 7, nut of 
the natural size. A 8, two views of the same, magnified, showing the 
bilobed, membranous coat. A 10, the same, with the membrane re- 
moved. A 9, an immature fruit, divided transversely in half, of the 
natural size. A 11, front view of leaf, magnified. A 12, transverse 
section of leaf, the back uppermost, magnified. Fig. B 1, male catkin, 
magnified. B 2, front view, and B 3, back view of stamen-bract. Fig. 
C 1, female catkin, magnified. © 2, the same, deprived of its scales, 
except the 3 inner ones, which differ in shape and texture, magnified. 
C 3,a nut, with its membranous coat, magnified. Fig. D 1, female 
catkin, magnified, showing the expanded scales and the ovaries. D 2, 
fruit magnified, showing 5 of their nuts or their cavities. D 3, trans- 
verse section of fruit, magnified. D 4, a nut of natural size. D 5 and 
D 6, different views of the same, magnified. 
