[21] ALBATROSS EXPLORATIONS. 523 
larger HL. bernhardus from shallow water, and in Sabinea princeps, from 400 
to 900 fathoms, they are more than fifteen times as large as in S. septem- 
carinata, from 25 to 150 fathoms. The most remarkable cases are among 
the deep-water genera. Galacantha rostrata and G. Bairdii, from be- 
tween 1,000 and 1,500 fathoms, have eggs 3™™ in diameter in alcholic 
specimens, while in the vastly larger lobster they are less than 2™™, 
The largest crustacean eggs known to me are those of Parapasiphaé sul- 
catifrons (fig. 162), a slender shrimp less than 3 inches long, taken be- 
tween 1,000 and 3,000 fathoms. Alcholic specimens of these eggs are fully 
4 by 5™™ in shorter and longer diameter, fully ten times the volume of the 
eggs of Pasiphaé tarda from 100 to 200 fathoms, more than three hundred 
and fifty times the volume of those of a much larger shallow-water Pale- 
mon, and each one more than a hundredth of the volume of the largest in- 
dividual of the species. From the peculiar environment of deep-water 
species it seems probable that many of them pass through an abbreviated 
metamorphosis within the egg, like many fresh-water and terrestrial 
species, and these large eggs are apparently adapted to producing young 
of large size, in an advanced stage of development, and specially fitted 
to live under conditions similar to those environing the adults.” 
‘“‘Among the Schizopoda there are two large species of Gnethophausia, 
one over 4 inches in length, and a Lophogaster, all from below 2,000 ~ 
fathoms. One of the most interesting Schizopods is a small Thysanoessa 
(a genus of Euphausidz) from 398 to 1,067 fathoms, of which one female 
was found carrying eggs. The eggs are carried in an elongated and 
flattened mass beneath the cephalothorax, are apparently held together 
by some glutinous secretion, and are attached principally to the third 
pair of perzeopods (antepenultimate cephalothoracic appendages).” 
One of the Schizopoda of frequent occurrence is Thysanopoda Norve- 
gica, taken at the surface, and also apparently from 150 to 239 fathoms, 
in the trawl-wings. 
‘‘The Amphipoda from deep water are comparatively few in number, 
and have not yet been carefully examined, but among them is one spec- 
imen of the gigantic Hurythenes gryllus Boeck (Lysianassa Magellanica 
Milne-Edwards), probably the largest of all known Amphipoda. This 
specimen, which is over 44 inches long, and very stout in proportion, 
was taken in 1,917 fathoms, north latitude 37° 56’ 20’, west longitude 
70° 57’ 30”. The few previously known specimens came from Cape 
Horn, Greenland, and Finmark, and have apparently all been taken 
from the stomachs of fishes. This species and its occurrence in the ex- 
treme Arcticand Antarctic seas, has been much discussed, and is the sub- 
ject of a long memoir by Lilljeborg, but the apparently anomalous dis- 
tribution is explained by its discovery in deep water off our middle 
Atlantic coast.” 
_ Other Amphipods are Themisto bispinosa, apparently from 373 to 1,348 
fathoms, in trawl-wings; and Hpimeria loricata, in 168 to 239 fathoms. 
The Cumacea and Isopoda are each represented by several species, 
