[43] ALBATROSS EXPLORATIONS. 545 
Lyman, Liitken, Duncan and Sladen, and others as O. spinulosa, from 
northern waters. Lyman’s deep-water specimens, some of which I have 
examined, belong in part at least, to the following species. 
Ophiacantha fraterna Verrill, sp. nov. 
B. range, 908 to 1,608 fathoms. Common. 
Disk rounded, rather swollen, with ten slightly raised radial ridges 
made by the radial shields, which have the outer ends small, a little 
prominent and naked. The surface of the disk is covered with very 
small, short, obtuse, rough spinules, terminated by several minute 
sharp thorns; usually mixed with these there are many small, rather 
rough conical granules, of about the same size. Arm-spines at base of 
arms about eight, longest on the second and third joints beyond the 
disk, but the rows are not closely approximated dorsally. The upper 
spines are long, very slender, acute, and but slightly roughened; the 
middle ones are a little thorny; the lower ones comparatively short. 
Tentacle-scale flattened, small, tapered, subacute. Ventral arm-plates 
narrow, about as long as broad, strongly convex on the outer margin, 
and with a distinct angle on the inner. Mouth-shields small, trans- 
versely cross-shaped, with a small outer lobe extending a little on the 
interbrachial spaces, and with a small, very obtuse angle on the inner 
margin, the side lobes much larger and more prominent. Side mouth- 
shields rather wide, somewhat crescent-shaped, strongly curved. Mouth- 
papillz about three on each side, besides a larger one below the teeth; 
they are rather long, spiniform, and acute, the outer one not differing 
from the rest. Color in aleohol dull brownish yellow, usually with 
darker brown blotches on the arms and disk. Diameter of disk, usually 
Uo, Lae 
This species has hitherto been confounded with O. bidentata, which it 
resembles. It differs in the smaller size and different character of its 
disk-spinules, in the rougher spines, smaller and more acute tentacle- 
seales, and in the sharp, spiniform, outer mouth-papillea. The mouth- 
shields have an outer lobe extending somewhat on the interbrachial 
spaces, though less so than in QO. millespina and several other species. 
Ophiacantha varispina Verrill, sp. nov. 
B. range, 101 fathoms, off Nova Scotia. 
Disk slightly five-lobed, covered on the central part with small, 
elongated, tapered, acute, rough spines, which are gradually replaced 
toward the margins by shorter and stouter, very rough, obtuse stumps, 
surmounted by a group of sharp, rough spinules ; radial shields slightly 
exposed at the prominent outer end. Arms slender; the spines about 
eight, somewhat rough, glassy ; the upper ones long, slender, acute, 
the rows nearly meeting on the second joint beyond disk; the lower 
ones are shorter and very slender; tentacle-scale flat, subspatulate, 
broadly rounded at the end. Ventral arm-plates near base of arms not. 
much broader than long, rather pentagonal, the outer edge curved, or 
H. Mis. 67 35 

