518 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [16] 
From its peculiar appearance the sailors on the “Albatross” called this 
species ‘boxing gloves.” 
The second was alsoanew form, Luphronides cornuta V. (figs. 32-334), re- 
lated to HL. depressa of the ‘‘Challenger” expedition. It hasalarge, conical, 
median posterior elevation, double at the summit, and two pairs of large, 
elevated, teat-like anterior tubercles. ‘Fo the latter character the name 
refers. In form it is not unlike B. gigantea, but it is smaller, narrower, 
less massive, and has a much thinner, reddish brown, or purplish brown, 
spiculose integument, without the cartilaginous character of the latter. 
To this the sailors gave the name of “overshoes,” which it somewhat 
resembles in form and color. It has been taken in 855 to 1,735 fathoms. 
A large, brown, undescribed species of Synapta (S. brychia V.), with 
large anchors, was discovered in 958 fathoms. This genus has gener- 
ally been considered as entirely confined to shallow water. 
Of Echini, we obtained two of the curious species having flexible 
shells (Phormosoma placenta and P. wranus). The former was taken in 
many localities and in considerable numbers. P.wranus has often oc- 
curred in 568 to 1,080 fathoms. Some of the specimens are 8 to 9 inches 
in diameter, and of a rich purplish color, an unusual color for deep-sea 
animals. P. placenta ranged from 458 to 1,230 fathoms. Other inter- 
esting species, not previously dredged by us, and characteristic of the 
greater depths, were Pourtalesia Jeffreysii, in 843 to 1,555 fathoms; 
Aérope rostrata, in 1,395 to 1,608 fathoms; Aceste bellidifera, in 1,395 to 
1,467 fathoms; Urechinus Naresianus, in 1,309 fathoms; Salenia varis- 
pina, in 547 fathoms. 
The Lchinus Norvegicus was taken in large numbers in 1,043 to 1,255 
fathoms, while Brissopsis lyrifera and Schizaster fragilis were very fre- 
quently dredged this season, the former in 935 to 1,555 fathoms, the 
latter in 100 to 239 fathoms. 
The star-fishes were very numerous in the deep dredgings and are 
represented by many interesting species. One of the most abundant 
star-fishes was a fine, new, orange-red species of Zoroaster, of large size, 
with slender spinose arms (Z. Diomedew V.). About two hundred spec- 
imens of this occurred at station 2035. It was taken at many stations, 
in 1,000 to 1,600 fathoms. The most common genus, as usual in very 
deep water, was Archaster, of which numerous species occurred. Many 
of these are very large and handsome forms, and are generally buff, 
salmon, orange, or orange-red in color. Several are unlike those species 
from less than 500 fathoms, taken by the “ Fish Hawk.” A large, new, 
orange-colored Archaster, with a very large madreporic plate (A. grandis 
V.) occurred in great numbers at several stations, in very deep water, 
often associated with Zoroaster Diomedew and Benthopecten spinosus. It 
has a small or moderate-sized, flat disk, closely covered with fine paxil- 
le, with long, rather flat, tapering arms, having two rows of small mar- 
ginal spines on each side. In several instances I have taken from the 
