14 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



In meadows and borders of woods ? Very rare. Great Ridge- 

 wood, near Boyton, Wilts, where, however, it has not been 

 gathered for some years, the only living botanist who has found 

 it being, I believe, Mr. T. B. Elower. 



England. Perennial. Late Summer and Autumn. 



E-ootstock short, oblique, without stolons, but with most of the 

 radical fibres thickened, narrowly fusiform, sometimes nearly as 

 Ihick as the little finger. Stem slender, with few leaves, and these 

 principally below the middle of the stem. Leaves varying con- 

 siderably, but with the lobes of the segments of the lower ones 

 diverging at a considerable angle, those on the basal side of the 

 segment directed backwards. Pericline f to f inch across, by f to 

 1 inch long, slightly narrowed towards the summit ; outer 

 phyllaries short, tipped with olive, the inner ones with dark- 

 purple. Plowers dark-crimson. Elorets much longer than the 

 phyllaries ; limb of the corolla longer than the tube. Achenes 

 cylindrical- ovoid, pale fawn-colour. Pappus pure white, very 

 plumose. Plant bright-green ; leaves sometimes slightly hoary 

 beneath. 



Tuberous Thistle. 



French, C'lrse Tuherent. German, Knollentragende Kratzdistel. 



SPECIES VIIL— CARDUUS PRATENSIS. Huds. 



Plate DCXC. 



Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Yol. XV. Tab. DCCCXXXIX. Fig. 1. 



Billot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 2492. 



Cirsium Anglicum, Lam. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ, et Helv. ed. ii. p. 456. Gr. &, Godr. 



Fl. de Fr. Yol. II. p. 219. 

 Cnicus pratensis, Willd. Hook. & Am. Brit. Fl. ed. viii. p. 238. 



Perennial. Ptootstock shortly stoloniferous, with cylindrical 

 (rarely fusiform) root - fibres. Stem erect, simple, or slightly 

 branched, hoary, especially in the upper part, not winged. Lower 

 leaves attenuated at the base, upper ones semi-amplexicaul, broad- 

 based but scarcely auricled, not decurrent, flat, entire and spinous- 

 ciliated, or more or less pinnatifid-lobed or incised ; lobes generally 

 triangular, entire, or more rarely 2- or 3-cleft, spinous ; under side 

 more or less white-floccose. Anthodes solitary, on long stalks, 

 rarely 2 or 3 together. Pericline ovate-globose, rounded at the 

 base, arachnoid ; phyllaries adpressed, with a dorsal nerve at the 

 summit, lanceolate-acute, the outer ones terminated by a very 

 short weak mucro, the upper ones sub-scarious and purple at the 

 point. Pappus plumose. 



