composittE. 31 



near Henfield, Sussex (Mr. Borrer) ; Acton, Middlesex (Rev. W. 

 W. Newbould), and near Belfast. 



[England, Ireland.] Perennial. Autumn. 



Stems erect, 6 inches to 2 feet high, generally slightly corym- 

 bosely branched in the upper half. Lower leaves attenuated at 

 the base, often coarsely toothed or pinnatitid ; upper leaves usually 

 entire, or with only 1 or 2 teeth at the base. Pericline ^ inch 

 to f across, generally entirely concealing the phyllaries ; these 

 appendages are usually fawn-colour, with whitish edges, adpressed, 

 concave ; the outer ones often have a triangular centre, and a 

 torn or fimbriate margin, the inner ones merely toothed, and the 

 innermost of all entire. Elorets purplish-crimson, the outer ones 

 sterile, elongated, trumpet-shaped, forming a ray surrounding the 

 head. Plant dull-green, rather rough with small hairs. 



The only British specimens I have seen are those from Acton : 

 these are very imperfect, but seem to belong to the Continental form 

 called C. amara, D. C. (C. serotina, Boreau), which flowers later in 

 the year, has the stems more slender and wiry, the branches long'er 

 and less thickened below, the anthodes and the leaves narrower than 

 in the typical C. Jacea. 



Brown-rayed Knapweed. 



French, Centauree Jacea. German, Gemeine Flockenblume. 



SPECIES II.— CENT AU RE A NIGRA. Zm«. 

 Plates DCCVI. DCCVII. 



Jie'ch. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XV. Tab. DCCLXI. Fig. 2. 



mUot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 808. 



Stem not winged. Lower leaves oblanceolate, upper ones 

 lanceolate, oblong, or strapshaped, entire, toothed, or sinuate- 

 pinnatifid. Anthodes generally not radiant, with a few floral 

 leaves in their immediate vicinity. Pericline globular or ovate- 

 globular ; outer appendages triangular, the rest sub-orbicular, 

 broader than the phyllaries themselves, dark-brown or black, all 

 except the innermost pectinate and flattish. Plorets purple. 

 Pappus short or none. 



Var. a, genuina. 

 Plate DCCVI. 



C. nemoralis et nigra, Jord. Pug. PI. Nov. p. 104. 

 C. nigra, Hooh. & Am. Brit. Fl. ed. viii. p. 240. 



Branches short, much thickened under the anthodes, which 

 are very rarely radiant. Phyllaries concealed by the appendages. 



