COMPOSIT.E. 41 



and although it is probable that the name of Marigold was originally given to the 

 Calendula, the garden Marigold, we think the name is well applied to this plant, 

 with its beautiful golden blossoms. It has many other names in different parts of 

 England. In some parts it is called " St. John's bloom," in Kent yellow-bottles, 

 ruddes or ruddle in Norfolk, gowlans or goules in the North of England, and yellow 

 gowans or gools in Scotland. In the latter country a custom prevailed at one time, 

 called " gool ridings," when the landlords rode over the fields and exacted a penalty 

 from farmers on whose ground the conspicuous yellow Marigold predominated. In 

 Germany it is used for dyeing yellow. 



Sub-Genus II.— TANACETUM. " C. H. SchuUz;' Beich.fil. 



Clinanth flattish or slightly convex in fruit. Plorets of the 

 ray commonly white, ligulatc, or the ligule sometimes absent. 

 Achenes all similar, cylindrical or cylindrical- turbinate or cylin- 

 drical-prismatic, equally ribbed. 



Section I.— LEUCANTHEMUM. Tournef. 



Anthodes solitary. Pericline saucer-shaped. Clinanth flattish 

 or slightly convex in fruit. 



SPECIES II.— CHRYSANTHEMUM LEUCANTHEMUM. 



Linn. 

 Plate DCCXIV. 



Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XVI. Tab. CMLXXXVIII. 



BiUot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 1236. 



Tanacetum Leucanthemum, " C. H. Schullz, Uber die Tanacet. p. 35." Reich, fil, \. c, 



p. 49. 

 Leucanthemum vulgare, Lam. D. G. Prod. Vol. VI. p. 40. Gr. & Godr. Fl. de Fi\ 



Vol. II. p. UO. C. H. Schultz, iiber die Tanacet. p. 36. 



Radical leaves spathulate, petiolate ; lower stem-leaves spa- 

 thulate or wedgeshaped, inciso-crcnate or shallowly pinnatifid ; 

 upper leaves oblong or oblong-strapshapcd, sessile, semi-amplex- 

 icaul, serrate, all green. Anthodes solitary at the extremity of 

 the stem and elongated branches. Pericline flattish, of nu- 

 merous herbaceous phyllaries with rather narrow dark reddish- 

 brown scarious margins and tips, the outer ones lanceolate, 

 the inner oblong - strapshaped. Florets of the ray elongated, 

 white, rarely absent. Achenes cylindrical, with 5 to 10 very 

 prominent nearly equal ribs, those of the ray (generally ?) with a 

 short crown, those of the disk naked at the apex. 



VOL. V. G 



