COMPOSITE. 75 



Antliodes J inch long, in a spike-like raceme or panicle, interrupted 

 towards the base, dense and blunt at the apex. Achenes pale-olive, 

 very slender, tubcrculate. Upper side of the leaves deep-green, 

 under side hoary-white with silky pubescence. 



Upright Cudweed. 



Freuch, Gnajihale des Bois. German, Wald Ruhrkravi. 



SPECIES IV.-G NAP HALIUM NORVEGICUM. Gunn. 



Flate DCCXLIV. 



Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XVI. Tab. CMIL. Fig. 2.1 

 Billot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc, No. HO. 



G. sylvaticura, ft Norvcgicnni, Hooh. «k Am. Brit. Fl. ed. viii. p. 247. 

 G. sylvaticum, Sm. Eng. Bot. No. 913. 



Perennial. Rootstock producing short leafy barren shoots or 

 solitary erect simple ilowering-stems. Lowest leaves oblanceolate, 

 those in middle of stem largest, those in the inflorescence suddenly 

 much smaller and narrower ; all acute, cottony on both sides. 

 Anthodes subsessile in clusters or solitary, collected into a short 

 terminal spike or spikc-likc panicle, leafy towards the base, not 

 occupying more than one-third of the stem. Pericline cylindrical- 

 campanulatc ; phyllaries unequal, the inner ones scarious, witli an 

 olive stripe and dark-brown scarious margins, shorter than the 

 pappus and expanded florets. Achenes fusiform - cylindrical, 

 hispid. Pappus white. 



On alpine rocks. Very rare. I have only seen it on Lochnagar, 

 Aberdeenshire ; but it has also beeu found at the head of Can- 

 lochan Glen, Porfarshire ; on Ben Chat, five miles north of Blair 

 Athole, and mountain north of Loch Ericht, Perthshire ; and on 

 Ben Wvvis, Ross-shire. 



Scotland. Perennial. Late Summer and Autumn. 



Very like G. sylvaticum, but the leaves are much broader, more 

 evidently 3-nerved, more distant, nearly equal in l)rcadth up to 

 the commencement of the spike, immediately below which they 

 are rather crowded, and then those in the spike abruptly becoming 

 much shorter and narrower than those beneatli ; the rootstock in 

 the specimens I have seen has no barren shoots ; the spike is 

 shorter and more compact ; the phyllaries much darker towards 

 the margins, shorter in proportion to the pappus ; the achenes 

 larger and more fusiform, darker brown ; the pappus nearly pure 

 white instead of reddish-Avhite ; the leaves hoary on both sides. 



Ulfjhland Cudweed. 



Frencli, Gnaphale ile Wahlenbery . German, yorwcgischcs RuJirkrauL 



