122 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



laries seldom spinous. Pericline* commonly cylindrical or oblong- 

 ovoid. 



Tribe I.— HYOSERIDE^. 



Pappus crown-like or of scales or awns, sometimes wholly 

 absent. 



GENUS XXVIII ~Q ICHORIUM. Linn. 



Anthodes few- or many-flowered. Pericline cylindrical ; pliyl- 

 laries in 2 series, the inner row of 8 or 10, phyllaries at length 

 indurated and united at the base, the outer row of 5 short lax 

 ones. Clinanth pitted and fibrillous. Achenes irregularly pris- 

 matic, attenuated at the base, truncate at the apex. Pappus of 

 1 or 2 rows of fimbriated scales. 



Herbs, with runcinate-pinnatifid or entire radical leaves ; and 

 branched stems with sessile axillary, and stalked terminal anthodes. 

 Plorets pale bright-blue. Achenes persistent. 



The origin of the name of this genus of plants is an Arabic word, chikouryeh. 



By the Greeks it was sometimes written Kixi^pLov (kichorion) ; whence, among the 



simple fare of Horace, 



" Me pascunt olivse, 



Me cichorea levesque malvse." 



SPECIES I.—CICHORIUM INTYBUS. Linn. 

 Plate DCCLXXXVI. 

 Eeich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Yol. XIX. Tab. MCCCLVII. Fig. 2. 



Stem erect, paniculately branched ; branches virgate, spreading- 

 ascending, not spinous. Lowest leaves oblanceolate, runcinate-pin- 

 natifid or dentate ; upper stem-leaves lanceolate, semi-amplexicaul, 

 repand-denticulate or entire, all glandular, ciliated. Anthodes 

 many-flowered, sessile and axillary in pairs or threes, and solitary 

 at the extremity of the peduncles, which are scarcely thickened 

 upwards. Exterior phyllaries broadly lanceolate, shorter than the 

 interior, ciliated with gland-tipped hairs. Achenes surmounted by 

 a circle of numerous short obtuse scales fimbriated at the summit. 



By roadsides, on borders of fields, banks, and waste places. 

 Generally distributed in England, and common in chalky districts ; 



* The shape of the pericline described is that which it has previous to the expan- 

 sion of the florets ; when that has taken place, it assumes a more or less bell-shaped 

 form, and in fruit usually becouies somewhat conical. 



