COMPOSITE. • 203 



stem very leafy, umbellato - corymbosely or sub - paniculately 

 branched at the apex, sparingly clothed with stellate down, 

 especially in the upper part, and sometimes with woolly simple hairs 

 below ; peduncles rather densely clothed with stellate down, but 

 without simple or gland-tipped hairs. Leaves very numerous, 

 crowded in the lower part of the stem, strapshaped-elliptical or 

 elliptical or strapshaped; the lower ones gradually narrowed at 

 the base but scarcely petiolate, the rest sessile, abruptly narrowed 

 at the base, not at all amplexicaul, acute ; all sub-entire or remotely 

 denticulate or dentate-serrate in the middle, green on both sides, 

 glabrous or puberulent above, clothed beneath with stellate hairs, 

 frequently intermingled with a few simple woolly hairs, espe- 

 cially on the veins, shortly ciliated at the margins. Anthodes 

 rather large, in an umbellate corymb or short panicle terminated 

 by such a corymb, with slender erect pedicels bearing minute 

 bracts which pass gradually into the outer phyllaries. Pericline 

 subtruncate at the base ; phyllaries numerous, broad, sub-obtuse, 

 all except the innermost (which are broader and more obtuse), 

 with the points recurved, olive, nearly glabrous, with a little 

 stellate down towards the base, and sometimes along the middle 

 line, but no woolly hairs or gland-tipped hairs. Ligules gla- 

 brous, not ciliated at the apex. Styles yellow. Achenes chestnut- 

 black. 



In heathy places and open woods, and thickets and hedge- 

 banks, and rocky places, in mountainous districts. Prequent in 

 England, rare in Scotland, where I have never collected it ; but 

 Mr. H. C. Watson, in the supplement to the " Cybele Britannica," 

 gives it as an inhabitant of many of the south and west districts of 

 Scotland. 



England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Autumn. 



Stem 1 to 4 feet high, wiry, with numerous usually narrow leaves, 

 varying considerably in breadth, but generally narrower than those 

 of any other British species, rather rigid, usually sub-glabrous, 

 sparingly sprinkled with stellate hairs, commonly with a few 

 small teeth towards the middle, especially in the intermediate 

 leaves ; the lowest ones decayed by the time the flowers expand ; 

 the uppermost ones rather distant, broader in proportion, shorter, 

 and more approaching to lanceolate in form. Anthodes in an 

 umbellate corymb at the apex of the stem, in luxuriant examples 

 with numerous branches terminated by one or more anthodes 

 below the terminal corymb, so as to form a panicle. Pericline 

 remarkable for the squarrose tips of the nearly glabrous phyllaries ; 



