118 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



black capillary fibres. Stem 2 to 7 feet high, frequently an incli in 

 diameter, hollow, angular, deeply furrowed, smooth, un1)ranched 

 below, slightly corymbosely branched at the top. Leaves with 4 to 

 6 pairs of sessile pinna? ; leaflets 2 to 6 inches long, sharply and 

 finely serrated ; when growing in water, however, the submerged 

 leaflets are sometimes deeply cut ; petioles of the lower leaves long, 

 of the upi)er very short and dilated. Umbels terminal, and oppo- 

 site the leaves from the outgrowth of an axillary branch, regular, 

 flat-top2:)ed ; rays very numerous, 1 to 2 inches long; pedicels ^ to 

 J inch long. Involucres large, reflexed or spreading. Flowers 

 white, -g^ inch across, scarcely radiant. Calyx-teeth triangular, very 

 minute. Cremocarp ^ inch long, compressed, dark-brown, ridges a 

 little paler and prominent ; vitta? numerous, near the surface, on 

 which they appear as elevated lines. Plant bright-green, glabrous. 



Great Water- JParsnip. 



French, Jierle d, Larges Feuilles. German, Breiiblattriger Merk. 



This plant is of an acrid and poisonous quality, particularly the roots ; they are 

 noxious to cattle, rendering them quarrelsome and pugnacious. Horses and swine eat 

 it. Sheej) are not fond of it. 



Section II.— BERULA. Koch. 



Cremocarp sub-didymous, the lateral ridges not marginal ; vitta? 

 deeply seated ; stylopod shortly conical. 



SPECIES II.— SI UM ANGUSTIFOLIUM. Linn. 



Plate DLXXXVIII. 



Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Yol. XXL Tab. 1878. 

 Billot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 2847. 



Berula angustifolia, Kocli,, Syu. Fl. Germ, et Ilelv. ed. ii. p. 317. Gr. <k Godr. Fl. de 

 Fr. Vol. I. p. 726. 



Stem erect or ascending, rather thick, furrowed, corymbosely 

 branched at the top. Leaves pinnate ; pinnae ovate or lanceolate, 

 irregularly serrate or crenate-serrate, or slightly lobed and un- 

 equally serrate ; those of the upper leaves inciso-serrate. Umbels 

 rather irregular, opposite the leaves, on stalks frequently not 

 exceeding the rays of the umbel. Involucre of numerous entire or 

 serrate or pinnatifid leaves ; involucels of numerous acute leaves. 

 Cremocarp about as long as broad, globular-ovoid, with the ridges 

 not prominent. 



In ditches and wet places. Not uncommon. Generally dis- 



