UMBELLIFER^. 163 



the leaflets pinnatifid ; terminal leaflet of the upper leaves rather 

 elongate and inciso-serrate. Umbels erect in bud, long-stalked, of 

 2 to 8 rays. Involucre of a single oblong or strapshaped scarious 

 leaf, or absent. Flowers radiant, polygamous, fertile ones 3 to 12, 

 shortly stalked, exterior. Cremocarp elliptical-ovoid, not attenuated 

 towards the apex, entirely covered with very numerous retrorsely- 

 echinate subulate spreading spines, hooked at the apex, rather 

 shorter than the diameter of the fruit. Styles not twice as long as 

 the stylopods. 



A weed in cultivated fields and by roadsides, especially in chalky 

 districts. Common, and generally distributed in England as far 

 North as Lancashire and Yorkshire. 



England, Ireland. Biennial. Summer and Autumn. 



Stem 6 inches to 1 foot high, branched throughout, or more 

 rarely only towards the summit ; branches divaricate. Leaves 

 triangular in outline, shortly stalked, with dilated scarious-edged 

 petioles. Umbel rays J to f inch long ; pedicels shorter than the 

 cremocarp. Involucels of 5 or 6 linear- acuminate herbaceous stri- 

 gosely hairy leaves. Elowers ^^ inch across, white, frequently tinged 

 with pink. Cremocarp ^ inch long, very bristly, dark purplish- 

 olive ; bristles variable in length, but generally nearly as long as 

 the breadth of the cremocarp, rough, with the asperities pointing 

 backwards. Plant often resembling a small bush, rather dull-green, 

 with the upper part of the stem, umbel rays, pedicels, and leaves 

 more or less strigosely hairy. 



Field Hedge-Farsley . 



German, Feindlicher Haftdolde. 



SPECIES IV.— C AUG ALIS ANTHRISCUS. Huds. 



Plate DCXX. 



BiUot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 130. 



Torilis Anthriscus, Gmel Bab. Man. Brit. Bot. ed. v. p. 151. Hooh. & Am. Brit. Fl. 



ed. viii. p. 188. £>. a Prod. Vol. IV. p. 218. Fries, Sum. Veg. Scand. p. 22. 



Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ, et Helv. ed. ii. p. 344. Gr. & Godr. Fl. de Fr. Vol. I. 



p. 645. 

 Tordylium Anthriscus, Lmn. Sp. Plant, p. 346. 



Stem erect, corymbosely branched, with few elongated ascending 

 branches, striate, sparingly hairy, with the hairs reversed and ad- 

 pressed. Leaves bipinnate or pinnate, with the leaflets pinnatifid ; 

 terminal leaflet of the upper leaves elongate and inciso-serrate. 

 Umbels long-stalked, of 5 to 12 rays. Involucre of about 5 subu- 



