164 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



late herbaceous leaves. Plowers not distinctly radiant ; fertile 

 ones 6 to 20, stalked, exterior. Cremocarp ovate-ovoid, attenuated 

 towards the apex, entirely covered with numerous patently echi- 

 nate spreading incurved subulate spines, not hooked at the apex, 

 shorter than the diameter of the fruit. Styles more than twice as 

 long as the stylopods. 



On hedge-banks and bushy waste places, borders of fields, &c. 

 Very common, and generally distributed, except in the extreme 

 North of Scotland. 



England, Scotland, Ireland. Biennial. Summer. 



Stem erect, 1 to 4 feet high, with rather few branches and long 

 internodes. Leaves with the pinnae blunter and less deeply divided 

 than in C. infesta. Hays of the umbel -^ to 1 inch long, rough, 

 with adpressed hairs ; pedicels of the exterior fruits longer than 

 the cremocarp. Flowers ^^ inch across, white, often tinged with 

 pink. Cremocarp ^ inch long, dark-olive, with the bristles fewer 

 and stouter than in C. infesta, and without the terminal hook. 

 Plant dark-green, sparingly strigosely hairy. 



Upright Medge-JParslet/. 



Fi'ench, Caucalide Anthrisque. 



SPECIES v.— C AUG A LIS NODOSA. Huds. 



Plate DCXXI. 



Billot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 787. 



Torilis nodosa, Gdrt. Bab. Man. Brit. Bot. ed. v. p. 152. Hook. & Am. Brit. Fl. 



ed. viii. p. 188. D. G. Prod. Vol. IV. p. 219. Fries, Sum. Veg. Scand. p. 22. 



Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ, et Helv. ed. ii. p. 345. Gr. k Godr. Fl. de Fr. Vol. I. 



p. 676. 



Stem decumbent, usually dichotomously branched from the 

 base, and with the branches again sparingly branched, striate, with 

 reversed adpressed hairs. Leaves bipinnate or pinnate, with the 

 leaflets deeply pinnatifid, the terminal leaflet of the upper leaves 

 not longer than that of the lower leaves. Umbels opposite the 

 leaves, sessile or subsessile, of 2 or 3 very short rays. Involucre 

 absent. Flowers not radiant, fertile ones 6 to 12, subsessile. Cre- 

 mocarp ovate-ovoid, slightly attenuated towards the apex, tuber- 

 culated ; external fruits with the outer mericarp entirely covered 

 with numerous spreading, retrorsely - echinate straight subulate 

 spines, hooked at the apex, longer than the diameter of the fruit. 

 Styles not exceeding the length of the stylopods. 



On dry sunny banks. Generally distributed and rather frequent 



