DESCRIPTIVE PART. 
MADREPORA. 
Millepora (part.), Linnzeus, Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 790. 
Madrepore anomale (part.), Pallas, Elenchus Zoophytorum, p. 279. 
Madrepora (part.), Linneus, Syst. Nat. ed. xii. p. 1272; Esper, Pflanzenth. i. p. 61; Ellis & Solander, 
Zoophytes, p. 145; Lamarck, Syst. Anim. sans Vert. 1801, p. 371. 
Madrepora, Lamarck, Anim. sans Vert. 1816, t. ii. p. 277 (pro parte). 
2 Porites (part.), Ehrenberg, Corallenth. d. roth. Meeres, p. 118: Lamarck, op. cit. p. 267. 
Astra (part.), Lamarck, op. cit. p. 257. 
Oculina (part.), Lamarck, op. cit. p. 283. 
Heteropora, Ehrenberg (non Blainville), Corallenth. d. roth. Meeres, p. 106, 
Madrepora, Dana, M.-Edwards & Haime, and all subsequent authors 
Definition.—Perforate Madreporaria in which independent colony-formation takes place 
by means of indirect budding around the wall of an axial corallite, which, by increase in 
dimensions, becomes a branch. Further subdivision takes place when any of the radial 
corallites, produced as buds, assume the characters of an axial corallite. A prominent 
corallite-wall is never entirely wanting, but may, in certain cases, be confined to those 
corallites situated near the apex of a branch. The corallites are, in typical cases, provided 
with 12 septa, arranged in two cycles of 6 each. In a few instances a third cycle of 12 
septa may be present ; but such a condition is, so far as known, confined to certain corallites, 
and is not common to the whole colony. On the other hand, in some species the second 
cycle is not developed, and in other cases the septa of the radial corallites may be reduced 
to two or even to one, A true columella is absent ; but in case the septa are well-developed, 
two or more of the primary series may become confluent. Only one species is known in 
which the septa are exsert, and in that case the feature is confined to immersed corallites. 
The polyps are provided with 12 tentacles and 12 mesenteries (presumably with more in case 
there are more than 12 septa). They exhibit a marked bilateral arrangement of parts, 
which is frequently indicated in the corallites by the greater development of an outer and 
often also of an inner septum, each of which corresponds with an extremity of the elongate 
1D) 
