64 MADREPORARIA. 
developed. Corallum very dense ; surface covered with rough granules ; wall strongly striate, 
scarcely echinulate. 
Philippine Islands. 
a. Samboangan. H.M.S. ‘Challenger. 86.12. 9.281. (Type.) 
45, Madrepora scabrosa. 
Madrepora scabrosa, Quelch, ‘ Challenger’ Reef Corals, p. 152, pl. x. fig. 2. 
Corallum fruticose, much branched; branches closely crowded, 18 to 24 em. long and 
2 to 3°5 em. diameter, becoming divided into two or three secondary branches near the base, 
each of which is again divided, forming branchlets 5 to 12 em. long and 1 cm. thick, bearing 
numerous proliferations 6 to 25 mm. long. Axial corallites 2°5, rarely 3 mm. diameter, and 
05 to 2°5 mm. exsert, wall thick. Radial corallites compressed above, thick and rather 
appressed tubular at the apex, not crowded, becoming dimidiate, beaked-nariform with an 
elongate aperture, and passing through swallow-nest shapes to subimmersed, Diameter of 
the prominent corallites 2 mm., length 5 mm. or under, excepting in the case of proliferous 
corallites, which are moderately numerous. Near the apex a few small and irregularly 
arranged corallites occur between the others, opening in various directions. A marked 
feature of the species consists in the numerous, large, round, subimmersed corallites, with an 
aperture of 1°5 mm. or over, which extend from the base to within 8 or 9 cm. of the apex. 
Septa in two cycles, rather narrow; those of each cycle subequal in the axial and sub- 
immersed corallites, the directives more or less prominent in the others. Corallum moderately 
porous ; surface and wall of the corallites finely echinulate, not striate. 
Pacific Ocean : Fiji Islands. 
a. Fiji. H.M.S. ‘Challenger.’ 85. 2.1.16. (Type.) 
4&8. Madrepora divaricata. 
Madrepora divaricata, Dana, Zoophytes, p. 477, pl. xh. fig. 2; M.-Edwards & Haime, Coralliaires, t. iii. 
p. 140; Rathbun, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1887, vol. x. p. 15. 
Corallum shrubby, arborescent, much and spreading ramose, a little proliferous ; branches 
divaricate, arcuate, subterete, 1°7 em. diameter; branchlets attenuate, 8 to 12 mm. thick. 
Corallum smooth*; axial corallite 3 mm. broad, exsert; radial corallites remote, divaricate, 
very stout, scarcely striate, some long tubiform (4 mm.), and 2 to 3 mm. diameter; a few 
larger and proliferous, many short and round nariform. The cells are all very large; those 
in the smaller obsolescent corallites about 1°3 mm. broad, and contain a distinct star of 
6 rays. Surface of the corallites scarcely striate, though harsh to the feel. From the Fiji 
Islands. (Dana.) 
* The term “smooth,” as used by Dana, usually indicates that the surface is granular or finely 
echinulate, in contradistinction to striate or scabrous. 
