MADREPORA. 87 
which are 7 mm. long and 2°5 mm. thick, with a rosette of bud corallites at the base. The 
septa are not well-developed in the radial corallites, usually only the directives are prominent. 
Corallum not very porous; surface echinulate and spongy in parts; wall substriate and 
echinulate. 
A specimen from Samoa has rather shorter corallites, most of which are canoe-shaped. 
Pacific Ocean : Fiji, Samoa (Strassburg Museum). 
79. Madrepora alliomorpha. 
? Madrepora secale, Studer, Mitth. naturf. Ges. Bern, 1880, p. 22 (non Ortmann, Zool. JB. 1889, Bd. iv. 
p. 510). 
? Madrepora appressa, Ortmann (non Ehrenberg), Zool. JB. 1889, Bd. iv. p. 509. 
Corallum broad, corymbiform, and short pedicellate, 18 cm. high and 45 cm. broad. 
Under surface oblique, obconical, consisting of an intricate network of branches with 
immersed corallites and stunted branchlets exteriorly, pressed almost into the general plane, 
bearing numerous contorted tubular corallites applied to the twigs throughout the whole 
length. On the upper surface the branches are about 1 cm. diameter, divided near the base 
into clusters of three or more branchlets, some of which are proliferous. Axial corallites 
2 mm. diameter or a little over, 1 to 1°5 mm. exsert; wall thick, margin slightly rounded. 
Radial corallites in the upper parts a little spreading, subtubular or boat-shaped, sometimes 
with the inner part of the wall short; the outer margin is curved, the apex rounded, and the 
aperture is generally not quite at the apex but opens inwards. Ata pomt from 2 to 2°5 cm. 
from the apex the corallites are more appressed, and the outer margin is then straight; they 
subsequently become gradually shorter and at the base immersed ; length of those im the 
distal parts 3 to 4 mm., diameter 1-2 to 1°5 mm. ; wall firm and dense. Primary septa well- 
developed in the radial corallites, with sometimes indications of a second cycle ; in those 
corallites which are boat-shaped the directive septa are very broad. Corallum rather dense, 
scarcely reticulate in section; surface dense and echinulate, but reticulate in patches ; wall 
finely echinulate. 
Singapore (Jagor). Berlin Museum. 
80. Madrepora secale. 
Madrepora plantaginea, Dana (non Lamarck), Zoophytes, p. 459. 
2Madrepora echidnea, Dana (non Lamarck), Zoophytes, p. 458, pl. xxxv. fig. 3, pl. xxxi. fig. 9 (non 
Ortmann, Zool. JB. 1888, Bd. iii. p. 152). 
Madrepora appressa, var., Verrill, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 1864, vol. i. p. 42; ibid. Dana’s Corals and 
Coral Islands, Appendix, 1875 ed. p. 333; ? Ortmann, Zool, JB. 1889, Bd. iv. p. 509. 
Madrepora secale, Studer, MB. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1878, p. 530; ?ibid. Mitth. naturf. Ges. Bern, 1880, 
p- 22; Rathbun, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1887, vol. x. p. 18 (non Quelch, ‘ Challenger’ Reef Corals, 
p- 163; non Ortmann, Zool. JB. 1889, Bd. iv. p. 509). 
Madrepora globiceps, Bassett-Smith, Ann. Mag. N. H. 1890, vol. vi. p. 454. 
Madrepora acervata, Bassett-Smith, Ann. Mag. N. H. 1890, vol. vi. p. 454. 
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