148 MADREPORARIA. 
C. Radial corallites with thick dense wall and rounded margin. 
a. Inner part of the wall complete ; aperture central. 
153. Madrepora klunzingeri. 
Madrepora pustulosa, Klunzinger (non M.-Edwards & Haime), Korallenth d. roth. Meeres, Th. ii. p. 8, 
pl. i. fig. 1, pl. iv. fig. 15, pl. ix. fig. 4. 
Madrepora klunzingeri, Quelch, * Challenger’ Reef Corals, p. 158. 
? Madrepora papillosa, n. n., Klunzinger, op. cit. p. 9. 
Corallum small and cespitose, 8 to 10 em. high and broad; branchlets chiefly digitiform, 
3 to 6 em. long and 1 to 1:5 em. thick, but tapered a little near the apex. Axial corallites 
hemispherical or short conical, 5 to 6 mm. broad; aperture scarcely 1mm. _ Radial corallites 
short, cylindrical, with rounded margin 2 to 4mm. long and broad, with round aperture 
1 mm. in diameter. Corallum rather porous in section; surface spongy-echinulate. 
Red Sea. 
154. Madrepora ocellata. 
Madrepora ocellata, Klunzinger, Korallenth. d. roth. Meeres, Th. ii. p. 9, pl.i. fig. 7, pl. iv. fig. 14, pl. ix. 
fig. 5; Ortmann, Zool. JB. 1889, Bd. iv. p. 505. 
Corallum low, cespitose, 8 to 10 cm. wide and 2 to 4 cm. high. Branches digitiform, 
obtuse, little divided excepting near the apex, 2 to 4em. long, 1 em. thick. Axial corallites 
4.to 5 mm. broad and 1 to 2 mm. exsert, thick-walled with rounded margin and small (1 mm.) 
aperture. Radial corallites not crowded, usually nariform or tubular, 3 to 4 mm. long and 
2 mm. broad, slightly compressed ; aperture small, round elliptical or oblique, outer part of 
wall a little thickened and margin rounded; some of the tubular ones are elongate (7 mm.). 
Near the base of the branches the corallites are verruciform with a few immersed ones 
interspersed. Corallum porous above; surface echinulate or spongy-reticulate; wall not 
striate. 
A specimen from Ceylon described by Ortmann differs from the type in having smaller 
axial corallites, 3 to 4 mm. diameter and 1 mm. exsert. The species approaches M. klun- 
zingeri closely, and differs chiefly in the form of the radial corallites and in the thickness of 
the wall. 
Indian Ocean : Red Sea, Ceylon. 
a, Ceylon. Haeckel Coll. 92. 12. 5. 7. 
155. Madrepora cophodactyla. (Plate XXIII. fig. E.) 
Madrepora cophodactyla, Brook, Ann. Mag. N. H. 1892, vol. x. p. 455. 
Corallum broad, flattened, cespitose ; base 20 em. diameter. Branches stout, short, suberect 
and very obtuse at the apex, simple, or divided near the middle into two or more ascending 
