MADREPORA. 149 
branchlets ; length 3 to 5 cm., diameter 1°7 to 2 em. at the base, and usually over 1 cm. just 
below the apex. Axial corallites 3 to 3:75 mm. diameter, scarcely exsert ; aperture usually 
small, 1] mm. Radial corallites practically all of the same type, stout and dilated, appressed 
tubular, with the inner part of the wall a little shorter than the outer, margin much rounded, 
aperture more or less elliptical; diameter 2°2 to 3 mm., length 2 to 3 mm.; a few are 
proliferous and those nearer the base are more appressed ; immersed corallites confined to the 
base of the branches and the intervals between them. The star consists usually of 12 septa, 
but none of them are very prominent. Corallum very dense; surface and wall finely and 
closely echinulate. 
This species resembles M. globiceps in the thickness and blunt apices of the branches ; 
but has much stouter corallites, axial as well as radial. 
Habitat not recorded. 
? ——? 93.4.7.157. (Type.) 
b. Inner part of the wall incomplete ; aperture elliptical. 
156. Madrepora seriata. 
Heteropora seriata, Ehrenberg, Corallenth. d. roth. Meeres, p. 133. 
Madrepora seriata, Dana, Zoophytes, p. 488; M.-Edwards & Haime, Coralliaires, t. ii. p. 152. 
Madrepora pallida, Klunzinger, Korallenth. d. roth. Meeres, Th. ii. p. 10, (OG Srey Gate JN jollh abs sites (0 
2 pl. iv. fig. 6. 
Madrepora plantaginea, Studer (non Lamarck), MB. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1878, p. 530 (part.); Studer, 
Mitth. naturf. Ges. Bern, 1880, p. 19. 
Madrepora pyramidalis, Klunzinger, Korallenth. d. roth. Meeres, Th. ii. p. 12 (part.). 
Corallum cespitose or cespito-arborescent, flattened above or hemispherical, 10 to 26 em. 
broad and 5 to 18 cm. high. Branches 2 em. thick at the base and 2 to 4 cm. long, or 6 to 
9 em. in cespito-arborescent specimens, much divided in the distal parts. Ultimate divisions 
1 em. thick, usually with a blunt apex. Axial corallites hemispherical, 3:5 to 6 mm. broad ; 
aperture 1 to 15 mm. diameter, or in some cases 2 to 3 mm.; both wide and narrow 
apertures sometimes occur in different parts of the same colony. Radial corallites small, 
hemicotyloid around the axial corallite, those immediately below usually much appressed and 
subequal. The majority are short, thick, ascending, tubular, often with the inner part of 
the wall more or less incomplete and the outer part somewhat convex, 2 to 3 mm. long and 
broad ; outer part of the wall usually thick, margin a little rounded ; sometimes a few short, 
thick, tubular, proliferous corallites occur at intervals, those on the marginal branches are 
often 5 mm, long. A few smaller, short, nariform or sublabellate corallites with thin walls 
are scattered between the others and a few are immersed. The star of the radial corallites 
consists of two cycles of septa, the directives usually, but not invariably, very broad, the 
others narrow. Corallum rather porous and reticulate above, but denser below ; surface 
spongy-reticulate and echinulate ; wall faintly striate. 
