154 MADREPORARIA. 
dieselbe sind die nach aussen nicht scharf abgegrenzten Kelche, welche als einfache Nodo- 
sitaten des Stammes erscheinen.” Apparently the simple verruciform protuberances ox 
Briiggemann are quite distinct from the clustered corallites referred to by Milne-Edwards, 
and I have therefore considered it desirable to give a new name to Briiggemann’s form. 
Corallum subcespitose, sometimes incrusting a dead colony, probably of the same species ; 
new growth about 3°5 cm. high, diameter of corallum 15°5 em. Branches erect and crowded, 
simple or subsimple, 1-2 to 1°5 em. diameter, but broader at the apex, which is occupied by 
numerous crowded, proliferous corallites, giving a broad acervate extremity. In old specimens 
the apices become fused together. Axial and proliferous corallites 3:5 to 5 mm. diameter 
and 2 mm, exsert, short, cylindrical, with rounded margin and small aperture, usually under 
1 mm. Radial corallites appressed, tubular or half-tubular, very variable in size; wall 
usually thick and frequently dilated; the majority of those situated some distance below the 
apex are verruciform, with immersed corallites between; the more prominent ones are 
2 to 3 mm. diameter, with rounded margin. The star consists of 12 well-developed septa ; 
the directives often nearly meet. Corallum porous; surface reticulate and echinulate; wall 
armed with closely-arranged dentate plates. 
A young specimen 3 to 4 cm. diameter has the branches only 1 cm. long or under; 
most of the apices are not yet proliferous, and the wall of the radial corallites is usually 
thin. 
Rodriguez. 
a, Rodriguez. Royal Society [P.]. 76.5.5. 85. (Type=M. gonagra, Brigg.) 
6. Rodriguez. Royal Society [P.]. 76. 5.5.88. (Young.) (=M. haimei, Brigg.) 
163. Madrepora calamaria. (Plate XXIII. figs. A, B.) 
Madrepora plantaginea, Briiggemann (non Lamarck), Phil. Trans. 1879, vol. clxviil. p. 579. 
Madrepora calamaria, Brook, Ann. Mag. N. H. 1892, vol. x. p. 455. 
Corallum cespitose from a short pedicellate base, or incrusting in the case of young 
specimens. Colony 21 cm. diameter and 15 em. high; base 6:5 cm. diameter and 4 cm. high. 
Marginal branches short and horizontal; middle branches 7 cm. long and 1°5 em. thick, 
crowded and angular near the base, divided into 2 or 3 subparallel, digitiform, blunt 
branches, some of which are again divided; apices about 2 cm. apart, distal divisions 1 em. 
diameter, or a little more near the apex, owing to the presence of dilated corallites. Axial 
corallites 3°5 to 5 mm. diameter at the base, somewhat conical, with a flat apex; aperture 
rarely over 1 mm. Radial corallites very unequal in size; many are much appressed, dilated 
tubiform, with the inner part of the wall thin and more or less incomplete, the outer thick, 
often dilated, but usually rounded so as to be moderately thin at the margin; length 
3 to 5 mm., diameter 2 to 2°7 mm.; a large number of the small thin-walled or subimmersed 
corallites are scattered between the more prominent ones ; nearly all become verruciform or 
