4, BUFO. 305 
the eye and the nostril in the female. Upper parts with very pro- 
minent, spinous, indistinctly porous warts; parotoids very prominent, 
oval, oblique, rough; lower surfaces covered with minute granules 
intermixed with larger spinous ones. Uniform brown, lighter 
beneath, immaculate or with indistinct spots. Male without vocal 
sac. 
W. Africa. 
1 te Fernando Po. (Type.) 
b. Ye. *  Gaboon, 
c 2 —?P Sir A. Smith [P.]. 
38. Bufo taitanus. 
Bufo taitanus, Peters, Mon. Berl. Ac. 1878, p. 208, pl. 2. f. 9. 
Crown without bony ridges; snout rather prominent ; tympanum 
hidden. Fingers and toes short, the latter shortly webbed; two 
small metatarsal tubercles ; no tarsal fold. Upper surfaces covered 
with prominent warts ; parotoids flat and elongate. Dark yellowish 
brown, with irregular longitudinal and transverse black spots ; 
limbs irregularly barred; belly marbled and spotted with black. 
Taita, E. Africa, 
39. Bufo sikkimensis. 
Bombinator sikkimensis, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc, xxiii. p. 300. 
Scutiger sikkimensis, T’h2obald, Cat. Rept. As. Soc. Mus. 1868, p. 83. 
Bufo sikkimensis, Anders. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 204; Stoliczka, 
Proce, As. Soc. 1874, p. 112. 
Crown without bony ridges; snout short, rounded ; tympanum 
hidden. ‘Toes nearly half webbed. Upper surfaces covered with 
small pointed tubercles ; parotoids small or moderate. Upper side of 
back and limbs ashy or olive, with numerous more or less confluent 
vinaceous brown spots; parotoids and the large tubercles distinctly 
reddish ; a few brown spots on the sides of the head ; below pale 
yellowish throughout, usually densely marbled with olive-brown. 
Breeding male with two plate-like callosities on either side of the 
thorax, thickly studded with minute dark-brown points; inner 
surface of the three inner fingers with similar rugosities, 
Himalayas. P 
40. Bufo himalayanus. (Puiarr XX.) 
Bufo melanostictus, var. himalayanus, Giinth. Rept. Brit. Ind. p. 422. 
Physiognomy of B. vulgaris. Crown deeply concave, with low, 
blunt supraorbital ridges; snout short, blunt; interorbital space 
broader than the upper eyelid ; tympanum very small, rather indis- 
tinct. First finger not extending beyond second ; toes half or two- 
thirds webbed, with simple subarticular tubercles ; two moderate 
metatarsal tubercles ; no tarsal fold. The hind limb being carried 
x 
