VII THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AND ITS FUNCTIONS 



t55 



almost entirely eleven or twelve hours after feeding. Five or 

 six hours after food is given the liver cells are considerably 

 enlarged, and the capillaries congested. By the eleventh 



Fig. 43. — Three phases of the hepatic cells of the frog. A, cells rich in 

 glycogen taken from a frog during winter. There are numerous pro- 

 teid granules around the lumen, and several larger fat globules toward 

 the outer ends of the cells. B, cells poor in glycogen taken from a win- 

 ter frog that had been kept for ten days at a temperature of 22° C. The 

 proteid granules are scattered uniformly throughout the cell. Much the 

 same appearance is presented by the hepatic cells of a frog in summer. 

 C, cells taken from a frog starved for a longtime in summer. The cells 

 are shrunken and the glycogen has almost disappeared. (From Foster's 

 Physiology, after Langley.) 



hour after feeding the congestion has disappeared, and the 

 cells diminish somewhat in size. 



Functions of the Bile. — The bile, which is secreted by 

 the cells of the liver, makes its way by means of the gall 



