THE COSTO-SPINAL AETICULATIONS. 



141 



to that below. In the first, eleventh, and twelfth ribs, this ligament 

 is inserted into only one vertebral body, and into no fibro-cartilage. 



Fii,'. 126.— The Sth, Gxir, Tin, Sth, 

 AND 9th Dorsal Vertebra, -with 



PARTS OF THE GtH, TtH AND 8tU 



Ribs, from the right side and 



FRONT. {A. T.) i 



The 9tli rib has been removed to 

 sliow the articular surfaces of the ver- 

 telirre corresponding to it ; 3 & 4, tlie 

 heads of the 6th and 7th ribs, from 

 which the stellate ligaments are seen 

 spreading over the two adjacent verte- 

 liral bodies and intervertebral substance; 

 5, the liead of the Sth rib, from ■which 

 the stellate ligament has been removed, 

 so as to expose the upper and lower 

 synovial cavities, and between them 

 the interarticular ligament ; 6, lower, 

 and 6', upper facet of the costo-central 

 articulation ; 7, posterior costo-trans- 

 verse ligament ; 7', the costo-transverse 

 synovial canity ; 7", the costo-transverse 

 articular facet ; 8, superior costo-trans- 

 verse ligament ; 9, superior articular 

 process of the 5th vertebra ; 9', inferior 

 of tlie 9th. 



The interarticular liga- 

 ment is a thin and short l)and 

 of fibres, which passes trans- 

 versely from the ridge sc})arating the two articular surfaces on the 

 head of the rib to the intervertebral substance, and divides the articu- 



Fig. 127. 



Fig. 127. — Five Dorsal Vertkbr.e, with portions 

 OF the corresponding Ribs. 5 



1 and 2 are yjlaced on the lamina3 of the vertebrte. 

 close to the interspinous ligaments ; 3, ligamentum sub- 

 llavum ; 4, anterior costo-ti'ansverso ligament ; 5, poste- 

 rior costo-transverse ligaiuent. 



lation into two parts, each lined by a separate 

 synovial membrane. Tlie ligament does not 

 exist in the articulations of the first, eleventh, 

 or twelfth ribs, as these ribs are each attached 

 to only one vertebral body by a single syno- 

 vial joint. 



The COSTO-TRANSVEESE ARTICULATION 



unites the tubercle and neck of the rib to the corresponding transverse 

 process by a synovial joint and ligaments, and by a longer ligament 

 to the transverse process of the vertebra above. 



The posterior costo-transverse ligament is a distinct band 

 extending outvrards from the posterior part of the summit of the trans- 

 verse process to the rough external part of the tul)ercle of the ril). 



The middle or interosseous costo-transverse ligament, consists 

 of a series of short parallel fil)res, which unite the neck of the rib 

 to the anterior surface of the contiguous transverse process. These 



