173 



ARTICULATIONS OF THE LOWER LIMB. 



ihin fibres, extending obliquely between the two bones ; a plantar,^ con- 

 sisting of transverse fibres ; and an interosseous lif/amenf, which inter- 

 venes between their contiguous surfaces. When the bones touch, which 

 is not always the case, they present two small articulating surfaces, 

 which are covered with cartilage and have between them an offset of 

 the adjacent synovial membrane. 



Scaphc-Cmieiforiu Articulation. — The scaphoid and the cimdform 

 bones are held together by dorsal ligaments. It will be recollected that 

 the scaphoid articulates with the three cuneiform bones by the smooth 

 faces on its anterior surface. The dorsal ligaments, three in number, 

 pass from the upper surface of the scaphoid to the first, second, and 

 third cuneiform bones, into which they are respectively inserted. 

 Plantar hands are similarly disposed on the under surface of the bones, 

 but these are continuous with, or offsets from, the tendon of the 

 tibialis posticus muscle. 



CTufeo-cuneiforiu Articulation. — The ciil)oid2iVA the external cuneiform 

 hones are connected by a dorsal lit/amcnt, which is a thin fasciculus of 

 transverse fibres ; a jdanfar ligament, wliose fibres are also transverse 

 and rather indistinct ; and a bundle of interosseous fibres. Betweeii 



Yv'. IGO. 



Fi? 



IGC. — The Svnovial Cavities op the Ankle-.Joint and the Tarsal and 

 Tarso-Metatarsal Articulations, i:s. Section. (A. T.) \ 



The sectiou has been carried obliquely upwards and inwards across the foot, and 

 vertically through the u^iper pai't of the astragalus and the tibia. 1, cut surface of the 

 tibia above the ankle-joint ; 2, placed on the astragalus above the posterior calcaneo-talar 

 synovial cavity ; 3, on the head of the astragalus close to the common calcaneo-talo- 

 scaphoid synovial cavity ; 4, interosseous calcaneo-talar ligament ; 5, on the anterior edge 

 of the calcanenm, points to the calcaneo-cuboid synovial cavity ; 6, interosseous calcaneo- 

 cuboid ligament ; 7, on the scaphoid bone, marks the common scapho-cuneiform and 

 intercuneiform synovial cavity ; 8, on the cuboid bone, points to the interosseous 

 ecapho-cuboid ligament ; 9, internal, 10, middle, 11, external cuneiform bones ; 12, 

 cuboid : between these several bones the interosseous ligaments are shown ; from 13 to 17, 

 ;ire the metatarsal bones, with the interosseous ligaments between them ; between 9 and 

 14, the interosseous ligament from the internal cuneiform to the second metatarsal bone ; 

 11 and 16, the interosseous ligament from the external cuneiform to the fourth metatarsal 

 bone : there are also shown in this figure, the synovial cavity of the first tarso-metatai'sal 

 articulation, that between the middle and external cuneiform bones and the second and 

 third metatarsal ; and that between the cuboid and the foui-th and fifth metatarsal banes. 



