228 



MUSCLES OF THE LOWER LIMB. 



MUSCLES OF THE HIP. 



The muscles of this region are the three glutei, the pyriformis, the 

 obturator internus with the gemelli, the obturator externus, and the 

 quadratus femoris. 



Fijr. 1S4. Fig. 184.— Superficial Muscles op the Hip 



AXD Thigh, seen from behind. A. T. \ 



1, gluteus meclius, covered by the fascia 

 lata ; 2, middle of the gluteus maximus ; 2', 

 placed on the fascia lata below the place where 

 the glut'nis maximus is inserted into it, and 

 above the insertion of the muscle into the 

 femur ; 3, vastus extenaus ; 4, biceps flexor 

 cruris ; 4', tendon of the biceps, receiving on 

 its outer side the oblique fibres of the short 

 head ; 5, 5', semitendinosus ; 6, semimem- 

 branosus ; 7, 7', gracilis ; 8, sartorius ; 9, ad- 

 ductor magnus ; 10, outer, and 11, inner head 

 of the gastrocnemius ; 12, placed in the pop- 

 liteal space, points to the origin of the plantaris. 



The gluteus maximus is a very 

 large and coarsely ftisciculated muscle, 

 somewhat quadrilateral in shape, which 

 arises from the posterior fifth of the 

 iliac crest, and from the adjacent 

 rough surface of the ilium ; from the 

 posterior surface of the last piece of 

 the sacrum ; from the side of the 

 coccyx ; from the great sacro-sciatic 

 ligament ; and between the sacrum and 

 the ilium, from the aponeurosis of the 

 muscles of the back. Thence it passes 

 downwards and outwards ; the fibres 

 of its lower third are inserted into 

 an elongated rough impression, ex- 

 tending from the base of the great 

 trochanter to the linea aspera ; and 

 hose of the upper two-thirds into a 

 i^hickened portion of the fascia lata of 

 the thigh over the great trochanter ; 

 a few of the lowest fibres also ter- 

 minate in the fascia. 



Helation.t. — The lower border of the mus- 

 cle lies in the fold of the nates. The deep 

 surface rests on the gluteus medius and 

 pyriformis muscles, the tendon of the ob- 

 turator internus. with the two gemelli, 

 the quadratus femoris. a small portion of 

 the adductor magnus, the great trochanter, 

 the ischial tuberosity, and the origin of the 



^ also the sciatic artery and nerves as they emerge 



from the° pelvis below the pjTiformis, the superficial branch of the gluteal 

 artery passing out above that muscle, and the pudic artery and nerve lying 

 behind the spine of the ischium. 

 Between the tendon of the muscle and the great trochanter of the femur, are 



hamstring muscles ; it covers 



