26i 



COMPARISOX OF THE LIMB-MUSCLES. 



From what has been said it appears that considerable difficulty still prevails 

 in the detennination of the muscular liomologies of the upper and lower limbs, 

 es^^ecially in their proximal segments and attachment to the trunk, and the com- 

 parison of these muscles cannot, therefore, be minutely followed out. But the 

 following- table may be useful to the student of human anatomy, as presenting 

 what appear to be the most probable views of the miiscular relations in the upper 

 and lower limbs, and as indicating the bearing upon such ^'iews of some facts in 

 comparative anatomy as well as of some of the varieties mentioned in the pre- 

 vious description of the individual muscles. (Upon this subject consult the works 

 of Humphry, Mivart, Eolleston and Huxley, previously quoted in the Osteology.) 



TABLE OF MUSCULAR HOMOLOGIES IN THE UPPER 

 AHD LOWER LIMBS. 



I. MirSCLES PASSING FROM TRUNK TO LiMBS OR THEIR GiRDLEc 



Lower IJmh. 

 \. Lumbar aponeurosis. &c. 

 1(7, h. External oblique. 



Z^l'pi-r L'tinh* 

 1. Trapezius 

 \a. Cleido-mastoid and stemo-mastoid ) 



\h. Rhomboids . 



2. Levator scapulre 

 2a. Serratus magnus 



3. Latissimus dorsi 

 'ifd. Teres major 



4. Pectoralis major 

 4(7. Pectoralis minor 



•( 



} 



pectoral 



Subclavius (second 

 birds, Eolleston) 



5. Omohyoid 



II. 3IUSCLES PASSING MAINLY FROM GiRDLE TO LiMB, 



! Internal oblique. 

 Transversalis. 

 Quadratus Lumborum. 

 j o. Gluteus maximus. 

 I 3(7. Tensor vaginae femoris. 

 4, Gracilis. Part of pectineus ? 

 4(7. Coccygeus. ? 



4*. Inner or deep head of Pectineus, 

 supplied by ol)turator nerve 

 (Eolleston) I 

 5.? 



Deltoid 



C(7. Scapular part 

 (jh. Clavicular i^ait. 



7. Supra spinatus . . . . 

 In, Infra sjiinatus . . . . 

 lb. Teres minor . . . . 



8. Subscapularis . . . . 



9. Coraco-brachialis 



a,h,c. f}>7^('r, middle and /<'«•(?• 

 parts 



10. Biceps flexor cubiti 



(7. Scapular head 

 h. Coracoid head 



('. Humeral head 

 1.0(1. Brachialis Anticus 



11. Triceps extensor cubiti 



a. Scapular head 



i. External humeral head 



c. Internal humeral head 



6(7. Sartorius. 

 ( Oh. Pectineus, outer head supplied by 

 \ anterior ciairal nerve (Eolleston), 



7. Obturator internus ? 



7(7. Iliacus. 



Ih. I/iaeii.\- minor (Luschka), 

 ^ Gluteus medius. 

 '^' / Gluteus minimus. 



Three adductors, with perhaps 

 obturator extemus. 



{ Ischial head of Biceps fe- 



* moris. 



"j Semi-membranosus. 



' Semi-tendinosus. 



9(7, ?>, 



10(7, h. 



10c. Femoral head of Biceps femoris. 



11. Quadriceps extensor cruris. 

 a. Eectus femoris. 

 i. Vastus extemus. 

 ( Vastus internus. 

 / Cxiu'eus. 



* The numbers affixed to the several muscles in the two columns are intended merely 

 as a means of facilitating the reference from one to the other, the upper limb being taken 

 as the standard of comparison. The names of muscles printed in itahcs are those of 

 varieties more or less frequently found in human anatomy. 



