53S 



THE CEANIAL XERYES. 



a. The temporal Irancli is contained in an osseous groove or canal in 

 the outer wall of the orbit, and leaves this cavity by a foramen in the 

 malar bone. "When about to traverse the bone, it is joined by a com- 

 municating filament (in some cases, by two filaments) from the lachrymal 

 nerve. The nerve is then inclined upwards in the temporal fossa be- 

 tween the bone and the temporal muscle, and perforating the aponeurosis 

 over the muscle an inch above the zygoma, ends in cutaneous fila- 

 ments over the temple. The cutaneous ramifications are united with 

 the facial nerve, and sometimes with the auriculo-temporal branch of 

 the third division of the fifth, 



I. The malar IrancJo lies at first in the loose fat in the lower angle 

 of the orbit, and is continued to the face through a foramen in the fore 

 part of the malar bone, where it is frequently divided iuto two filaments. 

 It is distributed to the skin over the malar bone. In the prominent 

 part of the cheek this nerve communicates with the facial nerve. 



Fig. 337. 



Fig. 337. — Superior Maxillary Nerve and some of the Orbital Nerves (from 

 Sappey after Hirschfeld nnd Leveille). g 



1, the Gasserian ganglion ; 2, lachrymal branch of the ophthalmic nerve ; 3, trunk 

 of the superior maxillary nerve ; 4, its orhital branch, joining, at ,'>, the palpebral twig 

 of the lachrymal ; 6, origin of its malar twig ; 7, its temporal twig ; 8, tpheno-palatine 

 ganglion ; 9, Vidian nerve ; 10, its upper branch or great superficial petrosal nerve 

 proceeding to join the facial nerve (11) ; 12, union of the lower branch of the Vidian nerve 

 with the carotid branch of the sympathetic ; 13, 14, posterior dental nerves ; 15, terminal 

 branches of the infraorbital nerves ramifying on the side of the nose and upper lip ; IC, 

 a branch of the facial uniting with some of the twigs of the infiaorbital. 



Posterior dental branches. — The posterior dental branches, two 

 in number, are directed downwards and outwards over the back part 

 and tuberosity of the maxillary bone. 



One of the branches enters a canal in the bone by which it is con- 

 ducted to the teeth, and gives forwards a communicating filament to 

 the anterior dental nerve. It ends in filaments to the molar teeth and 

 the lining membrane of the maxillary sinus, and near the teeth joins a 

 second time with the anterior dental nerve. 



The anterior of the two branches, lying on the surface of the bone, is 

 distributed to the gums of the upper jaw and to the buccinator muscle. 



