35 



of justice and P-l^— ^^^0^^^^ 

 Str^maintarsh^^^ other county buildings 



bridges ana m^ licensin- the Weights and Measures and other 

 SrAcrindthe ^trd appeal or otherwise, under 



wious ^ts, of minor local authorities. The ordinary expendi- 

 ture of the county was defrayed principally out of a county rate 

 supplementerby^^^^ for certain purposes from the 



SasX The county rate was an assessnaent made by the 

 CountTjustices not on individual properties, but on the several 

 County '^y^s^^f;- "''; ^ precepts for the amount required 



Fr:m'"paSsh':erS\rtL'^^^^^^^^ of tbe Union in wMch 

 the parish was included. The Justices were not bound by the 

 poorSe vXation, and there were, therefoi-e, at least three 

 Ernt valuations in every county, viz., one for J^-f^ P-, 

 Doses a second for county purposes, a third for the pooi-iate, ana 

 fn boroughs there might L anotlier valuation d^-g from th 

 foreeoin^ if the Council so determmed. Having named tne 

 pSaf purposes, the expenses of which were charged on the 

 CO mty rate he said those who cry out so loudly or the estabhsh- 

 mSf County Boards would do well to count the cost of their 

 moposal In the county of Lancaster the county rate amounted 

 to aCt 6id. in the £, and was administered by men of sound 

 judgment and strict integrity. 



SANITARY DISTRICTS. 



^boundaries of the Km-al Sa^tary Autaity^ T^^^ 



r iSe^j£S::?^ion! ^ii^uS^iS^™ 



"fght beSer the ToVn Council of a ^-^^^f ^ JjXu^/^, . 

 Zprovement Commissioners of an Improvement Act D^stiict oi 

 aXcIl Board Every part of a Union that was no included m 

 L^Stlie iXan district'slas under the -mtary 3 iWi^^^^^^^^^^^ 

 finardians Thus every house was under either an ui ban or a luiai 

 faS aiTauthority Systematic sanitaiy legislation m England 

 had had but a sho^-t history ; in fact, it might be said to begin with 

 t Public Health Act of 1^8. The reason ;-Xn t d^l^ rai^d 

 the first place owing to the pressure of po pl^ ;on and toe lapid 

 arowth of large towns, sanitary legislation had ot iate years 

 growin OI idiye '^„. . ana in the second place, sanitary 



become ^^^^ .^^^.^ Xn,V Tlie Public Health legislation of 

 tTe'k tlw 'yea" had "tosl stamped out typhus fever and com- 

 pulsoiy varcination had scotched, though it had not kiUed small- 



