108 



Thorpe near Eoyston, Eocbdale, are the ouly instances we have 

 found of this Danish word in Lancashire. Lay, ley, lee, le, ly, 

 leiyh, lea; Sax. leag, leak, leye ; W. He, is "an open pasture in a 

 wood, where the cattle dehght to /;>," the radical meaning being 

 setting or laying. Ley also means land which is allowed to lie 

 vmtilled, or uuploughed. In Eossendale, joined with farm-names, 

 or other words, such as Duunockshaw Ley, Bridg?t'^ Bank, 

 Bottom/e;/ Bank, Stubby Lee, Lee Mill, Gonstableiyh or Con- 

 stable/f;^, &c., it often occurs. 



The various Trees, Shrubs, and other plants which grew in the 

 Forest have given many place-names, some of which are Oakeu- 

 head-Wood-Booth, Oakley, Hazles, Hazlehead, Nutshaw, Holly 

 Farm, Hollingreave, HoUingate, Limetrees, Thome, Thorny 

 Bank, Hawthorn, Slagh-Thoru, Whin Hill, Eeeds, Eeeds Holme, 

 Withingreave, Fernhill, Fearns, Brecks, (possibly broken land,) 

 Eushybed, Ivyhouse, Primrose Syke, {syke a small run of water,) 

 Musbury (mus, moss), and Musbury Tor, Cranberry Height and 

 Wimberry Naze. Helm Shore and Helm Clough are not so 

 named from the Elm Tree, but more probably from Hdham, the 

 home of the Goddess Hel. In the adjacent districts we have 

 Ashworth Moor, Nuttall, Haslingden, HoUingworth Lake, &c. 

 We have purposely omitted fancy and modern names. 



The animals which inhabited the Forest have also left us many 

 place-names, as Staghills, Hart Hills, Buck Earth, Eoclyffe and 

 Eoclyff's Wood, Laund, (a Deer Park), High and Low Park ; 

 (Hapton, adjoining Duunockshaw,) Wolfenden, Wolfenden 

 Booth, Wolfstones ; Hogshead Law, Boarsgreave, Sow Clough, 

 Swinshaw ; Brock Holes, Badger Cote, ( Badyer means also a corn 

 dealer) ; Hareholme ; Cat-wood, Cat Clough ; Mouse Nest Farm. 

 Even our domesticated animals have given a few names, as 

 Cowside, Cow Hope (Cowpe) Fair Banks (from Norse faar, a sheep) 

 and FrtiVwell Farm. The feathered tribes also contribute a few, 

 as Crawshawbooth, Crow Trees, Crow-wood, Tewitt Hall, Swallow 

 Shore and Bird Holes. In adjacent districts we have Foxhill 

 Bank, Great and Little Harwood and Eagles Crag. 



It may be added that in various parts of the Forest there have 

 been found Bones and Horns of the Eed Deer and the Boslongi- 

 frons, or Celtic Shorthorns, Bones and Teeth of the Equus 

 Fossilis, and Teeth and Bones of the Wild Pig. 



