103 



upper garments under his gown, and tippet) and also his best 

 signet or ring was the perquisite of the bishop. The demand 

 and payment of heriot was often cruel. Dr. Hibbert Ware, of 

 Manchester, relates the following : — A tenant's boy, on the death 

 of his father, driving an only cow to the manor house of Dukin- 

 field, being met by the Lord (Sir Robert Dukinfield), with whose 

 person and rank the boy was unacquainted, was questioned 

 whither he was taking the beast. " I am driving it to Dukin- 

 field for the heriot," said the lad. " My father is dead, we are 

 many children, and have no cow but this. Don't you think the 

 devil will take Sir Eobert for a heriot when he dies ? " The lad 

 was fortunately addi'essing a humane landlord. " Return home," 

 said the knight, " take the cow back to thy mother. I know Sir 

 Robert, I am going to Dukinfield myself, and I will make the 

 matter up with him." It was an ancient custom to drive the 

 heriot horse or cow before the corpse of the deceased at his funeral. 

 Saunders bank ought to be Sunder bank, it means separate, 

 privileged ; we still use the verb to sunder, to disunite, to 

 separate, to break. Saunders Bank is in the township of Burnley 

 although it stands on the left bank of the Calder which separates 

 or sunders Burnley from Habergham Eaves township. As the 

 stream divides the two townships every one would suppose that 

 Saunders Bank was in Habergham Eaves, whereas the separat- 

 ing or sundering thing is the bank and not the river, and that is 

 the reason why it is called Sunderbank or rather Saunderbank. 

 Taking the 



DlSTEICT NEAB PeNDLE HmL, 



we have some characteristic place names. Higham is the high 

 village. The Halmote Court of the Duchy is now held there. 

 Ightenhill is the same name, it only requires the letter H pre- 

 fixing and becomes Hightown Hill. The hill is superfluous. 

 Higham no doubt was a settlement of serfs who speaking with a 

 guttural accent, pronounced the word high with the guttural 

 sound heard in the Scotch word, loch. It is so pronounced 

 to-day in Pendle Forest. Ightenhill on the other hand was the 

 castle or manor house of the Lord and the Norman and more 

 elegant pronunciation would be heard, and the initial H became 

 lost. Bothes, booths, or huts were erected for the men engaged 

 in forest duties, and as these in time became centres round which 

 population accreted they became place names and landmarks. 

 We have Barley Booth, near Pendle HiU, meaning Barelee, or 

 clearing, that is an unfruitful field ; it is not difficult for those 

 who know the dialect of Pendle to see how bare becomes bar, 

 They do not talk of barefoot but barfoot, not bareheaded but 

 baryed. When a booth or as they say in Scotland a bothy, was 

 erected it necessitated some clearing of trees, brushwood or 



